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Resilience

Disaster & failure studies

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Displaying 201 - 225 of 228

December 2003 Public Update on the Federal Building and Fire Safety Investigation of the World Trade Center Disaster (NIST SP 1000-4)

December 1, 2003

Author(s)

Sivaraj Shyam-Sunder

Summarizes World Trade Center (WTC) investigation activities since the May 2003 progress report. Access has been obtained to nearly all of the important information needed for the investigation. The selection process for all major contractors and experts

May 2003 Progress Report on the Federal Building and Fire Investigation of the World Trade Center Disaster (NIST SP 1000-3)

May 1, 2003

Author(s)

Sivaraj Shyam-Sunder

Progress Report on the Federal Building and Fire Investigation of the World Trade Center Disaster. The report summarizes the progress made by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and the cooperation it has received from a variety of

December 9, 2002, Progress Report on the NIST Building and Fire Investigation into the World Trade Center Disaster (NISTIR 6942 and NIST SP 1000-2)

December 9, 2002

Author(s)

Sivaraj Shyam-Sunder

The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) announced its 24-month building and fire safety investigation of the World Trade Center (WTC) disaster on August 21, 2002.NIST also released the final plan for its investigation at the same time

National Institute of Standards and Technology Final Plan: National Building and Fire Safety Investigation of the World Trade Center Disaster (NIST SP 1000-1)

August 21, 2002

Author(s)

Sivaraj Shyam-Sunder

This document describes the goals, objectives, and guiding principles for the NIST-led investigation of the WTC disaster. The NIST investigation plan includes eight projects that provide the focus for the technical work. Project 1 is an analysis of

Fire Research: Providing New Tools for Fire Investigation

July 1, 2002

Author(s)

Daniel M. Madrzykowski

Researchers at the National Institute of Standards and Technology's (NIST) Building and Fire Laboratory (BFRL) are working with the U.S. Fire Administration (USFA); the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms (ATF); and the U.S. Department of Justice to

Initial Model for Fires in the World Trade Center Towers

May 1, 2002

Author(s)

Ronald G. Rehm, William M. Pitts, D D. Evans, Kuldeep R. Prasad, Kevin B. McGrattan, Glenn P. Forney

Mathematical models have been used to provide an initial estimate the behavior of the fires in the twin towers of the World Trade Center (WTC) on September 11, 2001. Available photographs and videos have provided an initial estimate of the exterior damage

Simulation of the Dynamics of the Fire at 3146 Cherry Road NE Washington D.C., May 30, 1999 (NISTIR 6510)

April 30, 2000

Author(s)

Daniel M. Madrzykowski, R Vettori

This report describes the results of calculations using the NIST Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS) that were performed to provide insight on the thermal conditions that may have occurred during the fire at 3146 Cherry Road NE, Washington D.C. on May 30, 1999

Study on Stress in Concrete Gravity Dam Using Seismic Data During Kobe Earthquake (NIST SP 931)

August 3, 1998

Author(s)

T Sasaki, T. Uesaka, I. Nagayama

U.S./Japan Natural Resources Development Program (UJNR). Wind and Seismic Effects. Joint Meeting of the U.S./Japan Cooperative Program in Natural Resources Panel on Wind and Seismic Effects, 30th. May 12-15, 1998, Gaithersburg, MD, Raufaste, N. J., Jr

Fujita Tornado Intensity Scale: A Critique Based on Observations of the Jarrell Tornado of May 27, 1997 (NIST TN 1426)

July 1, 1998

Author(s)

Long T. Phan, Emil Simiu

On May 27, 1997, several tornadoes hit the Central Texas area in the counties of McLennan, Bell, Williamson, and Travis. The most destructive of these tornadoes swept through a housing area on the outskirts of Jarrell, Texas. Jarrell is a Central Texas

Hurricane Fran in North Carolina, September 5-6, 1996

January 1, 1998

Author(s)

Richard D. Marshall

This report describes the surface wind speeds and structural damage caused by Hurricane Fran during its passage across North Carolina and Virginia on 5-6 September 1996. Fran was a category 3 hurricane on the Saffir-Simpson scale, and estimated maximum

Human Behavior in the World Trade Center Evacuation

March 3, 1997

Author(s)

R F. Fahy, Guylene Proulx

An explosion below the World Trade Center plaza in New York City on February 26, 1993, killed six workers, and resulted in injuries to over 1,000 occupants as they made their way out of the affected buildings. The explosion and subsequent fire caused

Hurricane Marilyn in the Caribbean: Measured Wind Speeds and Design Wind Speeds Compared (NISTIR 5987)

March 3, 1997

Author(s)

R D. Marshall, J. L. Schroeder

This report describes the surface wind speeds during the passage of Hurricane Marilyn through the U.S. Virgin Islands on 15-16 September 1995. Sources of wind speed measurements during this period are described, along with procedures used to adjust these

Enhancement of EXIT89 and Analysis of World Trade Center Data

August 1, 1996

Author(s)

R F. Fahy

The features of an enhanced model for egress from fires in non-residential occupancies is presented along with a users manual describing the use of the model. The enhancements to the model include analysis of locations of safety, smoke blockages, disabled

January 17, 1995 Hyogoken-Nanbu (Kobe) Earthquake: Performance of Structures, Lifelines, and Fire Protection Systems (NIST SP 901)

July 1, 1996

Author(s)

R M. Chung

The January 17, 1995 Hyogoken-Nanbu earthquake of magnitude 7.2 in JMA scale (Mw = 6.9), which struck Kobe, Japan and its surrounding area was the most severe earthquake to affect that region this century. The earthquake resulted in more than 6,000 deaths

Study of Occupant Behavior During the World Trade Center Evacuation: Preliminary Report of Results

September 10, 1995

Author(s)

R F. Fahy

On February 26, 1993, shortly after noon, a bomb exploded in a subterranean garage below the World Trade Center plaza in New York City. The explosions and subsequent fire caused extensive structural damage on several basement levels, interferred with the

1994 Northridge Earthquake: Performance of Structures, Lifelines and Fire Protection Systems (NIST SP 862)

May 1, 1994

Author(s)

Nicholas J. Carino, R M. Chung, Hai S. Lew, A W. Taylor, William D. Walton

A magnitude 6.8 (Ms) earthquake centered under the community of Northridge in the San Fernando Valley shook the entire Los Angeles metropolitan area at 4:31 a.m. local time on Monday, January 17, 1994. Moderate damage to the built environment was

Analysis of the Happyland Social Club Fire With HAZARD I

December 31, 1992

Author(s)

Richard W. Bukowski, Robert C. Spetzler

The paper presents the reconstruction of the Happyland Social Club fire using the HAZARD I fire hazard assessment method along with an examination of four potential mitigation strategies: automatic sprinklers, a door at the base of the stairway to the

Engineering View of the Fire of May 4, 1988 in the First Interstate Bank Building, Los Angeles, California (NIST IR 89-4061)

March 31, 1989

Author(s)

Harold E. Nelson

The course of the fire is traced in terms of developing fire phenomena. Special emphasis is given to burning rate of building furnishings, smoke layer temperature, layer level, oxygen consumption, combustion efficiency, flashover, exterior fire propagation

Engineering Analysis of the Early Stages of Fire Development--The Fire at the Dupont Plaza Hotel and Casino--December 31, 1986 (NBS IR 87-3560)

May 29, 1987

Author(s)

Harold E. Nelson

This report presents the methods and results of an analysis of the fire development rhough the first and second floors during the December 31, 1986 fire in the Dupont Plaza Hotel and Casino, San Juan, Puerto Rico.

Engineering Aspects of the September 19, 1985 Mexico Earthquake (NBS BSS 165)

May 29, 1987

Author(s)

William C. Stone, Felix Y. Yokel, Mehmet Celebi, Thomas Hanks, Edgar V. Leyendecker

Following the September 19, 1985 Mexico earthquake, a team consisting of four engineers and one seismologist from the Naitonal Bureau of Standards (NBS)and the United States Geological Survey (USGS) was dispateched to Mexico City to provide technical

Responses to Questions by the General Accounting Office (GAO) Related to construction of the Sunshine Skyway Bridge (NBS IR 84-2892)

June 29, 1984

Author(s)

Nicholas J. Carino

The General Accounting Office (GAO) requested the assistance of the National Bureau of Standards (NBS) in the investigation of the construction of the new Sunshine Skyway Bridge in Florida. Specifically, GAO desired answers to questions related to the

Investigation of Construction Failure of the Riley Road Interchange Ramp, East Chicago, Indiana (NBSIR 82-2583)

October 29, 1982

Author(s)

Nicholas J. Carino, Hai S. Lew, William C. Stone, R M. Chung

On April 15, 1982, a portion of Ramp C of the Riley Road Interchange in East Chicago, Indiana collapsed during construction and resulted in the death of 13 workers. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration requested the assistance of the National

Investigation of Construction Failure at Harbour Cay Condominium, Cocoa Beach, Florida (NBS BSS 145)

August 30, 1982

Author(s)

Hai S. Lew, Nicholas J. Carino, S. G. Fattal, M. E.

The investigation of the collapse of a five-story reinforced concrete flat-plate structure under construction at Cocoa Beach, Florida is presented in this report. The investigation included onsite inspection, laboratory tests and anlytical studies. Based

An Investigation of the Miyagi-ken-oki, Japan Earthquake of June 12, 1978 (NBS SP 592)

October 30, 1980

Author(s)

Bruce R. Ellingwood

On June 12, 1978, a destructive earthquake with Richter magnitude of 7.4 occurred off the east coast of Miyagi Prefecture, Japan. Preliminary estimates by the National Land Agency of Japan indicated that the earthquake caused an equivalent of $800 million

Analysis of Construction Conditions Affecting the Structural Response of the Cooling Tower at Willow Island, West Virginia (NBS IR 80-2010)

July 30, 1980

Author(s)

Hai S. Lew, S. G. Fattal

The initial investigation of the Willow Island cooling tower collapse (NBS IR 78-1578)established that the most probable cause of the collapse was the imposition of construction loads on the tower before the concrete had gained adequate strength. The

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