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Resilience

Disaster & failure studies

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Displaying 176 - 200 of 228

Fire Structure Interface and Thermal Response of the World Trade Center Towers. Federal Building and Fire Safety Investigation of the World Trade Center Disaster (NIST NCSTAR 1-5G) ***DRAFT for Public Comments***

September 1, 2005
Author(s)
Kuldeep R. Prasad, Howard R. Baum
The collapse of the World Trade Center towers on September 11, 2001, resulting from a combination of aircraft impact damage and subsequent fires, was studied as part of the Federal Building and Fire Safety Investigation of the WTC Disaster. This report

Fire Tests of Single Office Workstations. Federal Building and Fire Safety Investigation of the World Trade Center Disaster (NIST NCSTAR 1-5C) ***DRAFT for Public Comments***

September 1, 2005
Author(s)
Thomas J. Ohlemiller, George W. Mulholland, Skandakumar H. Abeyesekere, James J. Filliben, Richard G. Gann
Reconstruction of the fires that occurred in the World Trade Center (WTC) 1, 2, and 7 on September 11. 2001, relied heavily on computer simulations because examination of the post-fire premises was not possible and the information from eyewitness accounts

Global Structural Analysis of the Response of the World Trade Center Towers to Impact Damage and Fire. Federal Building and Fire Safety Investigation of the World Trade Center Disaster (NIST NCSTAR 1-6D) ***DRAFT for Public Comments***

September 1, 2005
Author(s)
Mehdi S. Zarghamee, Yasuo Kitane, Omer O. Erbay, Therese P. McAllister, John L. Gross
Simpson Gumpertz & Heger Inc. (SGH) developed global models of the World Trade Center (WTC) towers using finite elements to gain an understanding of the roles of the aircraft impact damage and the subsequent fires in the WTC towers with respect to

Maintenance and Modifications to Structural Systems (Appendices A-G). Federal Building and Fire Safety Investigation of the World Trade Center (NIST NCSTAR 1-1C) ***DRAFT for Public Comments***

September 1, 2005
Author(s)
D A. Fanella, A T. Derecho, S K. Ghosh
This report documents maintenance and modifications that were made to the structural systems of World Trade Center (WTC) 1,2, and 7. Included are the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey (PANYNJ or Port Authority) guidelines for inspection, repair

Mechanical and Metallurgical Analysis of Structural Steel. Federal Building and Fire Safety Investigation of the World Trade Center Disaster (NIST NCSTAR 1-3) ***DRAFT for Public Comments***

September 1, 2005
Author(s)
Frank W. Gayle, Richard J. Fields, William E. Luecke, Stephen W. Banovic, Timothy J. Foecke, Christopher N. McCowan, Joseph D. McColskey, Thomas A. Siewert
This report is an overview of the results of the mechanical and metallurgical analysis of structural steel from the World Trade Center (WTC), part of the National institute of Standards and Technology Investigation of the WTC disaster of September 11, 2001

Mechanical Properties of Structural Steels. Federal Building and Fire Safety Investigation of the World Trade Center Disaster (NIST NCSTAR 1-3D) ***DRAFT for Public Comments***

September 1, 2005
Author(s)
William E. Luecke, Joseph D. McColskey, Christopher N. McCowan, Stephen W. Banovic, Richard J. Fields, Timothy J. Foecke, Thomas A. Siewert, Frank W. Gayle
This report provides five types of mechanical properties for steels from the World Trade Center (WTC): elastic, room-temperature tensile, room-temperature high strain rate, impact, and elevated-temperature tensile. Specimens of 29 different steels

Occupant Behavior, Egress, and Emergency Communication. Federal Building and Fire Safety Investigation of the World Trade Center Disaster (NIST NCSTAR 1-7) ***DRAFT for Public Comments***

September 1, 2005
Author(s)
Jason D. Averill, Dennis S. Mileti, Richard D. Peacock, Erica D. Kuligowski, N Groner, Guylene Proulx, Paul A. Reneke, Harold E. Nelson
Multiple sources of information were collected and analyzed: over 1,000 new interviews with survivors (including 803 telephone interviews, 225 face-to-face interviews, and 5 focus groups); over 700 published interviews; 9-1-1 emergency calls; transcripts

Passive Fire Protection. Federal Building and Fire Safety Investigation of the World Trade Center Disaster (NIST NCSTAR 1-6A) ***DRAFT for Public Comments***

September 1, 2005
Author(s)
Nicholas J. Carino, M A. Starnes, John L. Gross, Jiann C. Yang, S R. Kukuck, Kuldeep R. Prasad, Richard W. Bukowski
This report deals with the passive fire protection used in the World Trade Center (WTC) towers. The main objective is to provide background information that can be used to assess the in-place conditions of the passive protection before and after aircraft

Physical Properties of Structural Steels. Federal Building and Fire Safety Investigation of the World Trade Center Disaster (NIST NCSTAR 1-3E) ***DRAFT for Public Comments***

September 1, 2005
Author(s)
Stephen W. Banovic, Christopher N. McCowan, William E. Luecke
This report describes the physical properties of the structural steel recovered from the World Trade Center (WTC) towers. Analytical techniques were used to determine and evaluate the chemistry, microstructure, and thermal properties of the steels. While

Post-Construction Modification to Fire Protection and Life Safety Systems of the World Trade Center Towers. Federal Building and Fire Safety Investigation of the World Trade Center Disaster (NIST NCSTAR 1-1H) ***DRAFT for Public Comments***

September 1, 2005
Author(s)
R A. Grill, D A. Johnson
This report was prepared to support the analysis of building and fire codes and standards of the National Institute of Standards and Technology World Trade Center (WTC) Investigation. The purpose of this report is to document the Port Authority of New York

Post-Construction Modifications to Fire Protection, Life Safety, and Structural Systems of World Trade Center 7. Federal Building and Fire Safety Investigation of the World Trade Center Disaster (NIST NCSTAR 1-1I) ***DRAFT for Public Comments***

September 1, 2005
Author(s)
R A. Grill, D A. Johnson, D A. Fanella
This report was prepared to support the analysis of building and fire codes and standards of the National Institute of Standards and Technology World Trade Center (WTC) Investigation. This report was prepared to support the overall objective of determining

Reaction of Ceiling Tile Systems to Shocks. Federal Building and Fire Safety Investigation of the World Trade Center Disaster (NIST NCSTAR 1-5D) ***DRAFT for Public Comments***

September 1, 2005
Author(s)
Richard G. Gann, Michael A. Riley, J M. Repp, A S. Whittaker, Andrei Reinhorn, P A. Hough
The degree of damage to the ceiling tile systems of the World Trade Center towers following the aircraft impacts on September 11, 2001, could have affected the rate at which the ensuing fires heated the steel- trussed concrete slab floor systems above

Reconstruction of the Fires in the World Trade Center Towers. Federal Building and Fire Safety Investigation of the World Trade Center Disaster (NIST NCSTAR 1-5) ***DRAFT for Public Comments***

September 1, 2005
Author(s)
Richard G. Gann, Anthony P. Hamins, Kevin B. McGrattan, George W. Mulholland, Harold E. Nelson, Thomas J. Ohlemiller, William M. Pitts, Kuldeep R. Prasad
The collapses of the World Trade Center towers on September 11, 2001, resulted from a combination of aircraft impact damage and the ensuing fires. This report documents: The information obtained on the factors that affected the nature, duration and

Reference Structural Models and Baseline Performance Analysis of the World Trade Center Towers. Federal Building and Fire Safety Investigation of the World Trade Center Disaster (NIST NCSTAR 1-2A) ***DRAFT for Public Comments***

September 1, 2005
Author(s)
W J. Faschan, R B. Garlock
This report establishes the baseline performance of the North and South World Trade Center Towers (WTC 1 and WTC 2) under design gravity and wind loading conditions. Baseline performance results include basic information about the towers behavior under

Structural Fire Response and Probable Collapse Sequence of the World Trade Center Towers. Federal Building and Fire Safety Investigation of the World Trade Center Disaster (NIST NCSTAR 1-6) ***DRAFT for Public Comments***

September 1, 2005
Author(s)
John L. Gross, Therese P. McAllister
One of the four main objectives of the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) investigation of the collapse of the World Trade Center (WTC) towers was to determine why and how the two towers collapsed. Events that played a significant role

Technical Documentation for Survey Administration: Questionnaires, Interviews, and Focus Groups. Federal Building and Fire Safety Investigation of the World Trade Center Disaster (NIST NCSTAR 1-7B) ***DRAFT for Public Comments***

September 1, 2005
Author(s)
Johanna Zmud
This report documents the methods and outcomes of the telephone survey, face-to-face interviews, and focus groups that were conducted in support of the federal building and fire safety investigation of the World Trade Center disaster. In total, 803

Visual Evidence, Damage Estimates, and Timeline Analysis (Chapters 1-8). Federal Building and Fire Safety Investigation of the World Trade Center Disaster (NIST NCSTAR 1-5A) ***DRAFT for Public Comments***

September 1, 2005
Author(s)
William M. Pitts, Kathryn M. Butler, Valentine Junker
This report summarizes the collection and analysis of visual material used for the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) World Trade Center (WTC) Investigation. The task consisted of four major subtasks: 1) identification, collection, data

Visual Evidence, Damage Estimates, and Timeline Analysis (NIST NCSTAR 1-5A)Chapter 9-Appendices A-M. Federal Building and Fire Safety Investigation of the World Trade Center Disaster

September 1, 2005
Author(s)
William M. Pitts, Kathryn M. Butler, Valentine Junker
This report summarizes the collection and analysis of visual material used for the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) World Trade Center (WTC) Investigation. The task consisted of four major subtasks: 1) identification, collection, data
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