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Buildings & Construction

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Displaying 826 - 850 of 3878

Characterization of Surface Accumulation and Release of Nanosilica During Irradiation of Polymer Nanocomposites with Ultraviolet Light

August 12, 2012
Author(s)
Tinh Nguyen, Bastien T. Pellegrin, Coralie Bernard, Savelas A. Rabb, Paul E. Stutzman, Justin M. Gorham, Xiaohong Gu, Lee L. Yu, Joannie W. Chin
Nanofillers are increasingly used for enhancing multiple properties of polymeric materials in many applications. However, polymers are susceptible to photodegradation by solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation Therefore, nanofillers in a polymer nanocomposite

Structural Analysis of Impact Damage to World Trade Center Buildings 1, 2, and 7

August 12, 2012
Author(s)
Therese P. McAllister, Fahim Sadek, John L. Gross, Steven W. Kirkpatrick, Robert S. MacNeill, R. Bocchieri, Mehdi S. Zarghamee, Omer O. Erbay, Andrew T. Sarawit
The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) conducted an extensive investigation of the collapse of World Trade Center towers (WTC 1 and WTC 2) and the WTC 7 building. This paper describes the reconstruction of impact damage to each of the

Are intelligent agents the key to optimizing building HVAC system performance?

August 10, 2012
Author(s)
George E. Kelly, Steven T. Bushby
This paper describes the development and implementation of a simulation testbed used to study the concept of employing intelligent agents to optimize the performance of building Heating, Ventilating, and Air Conditioning (HVAC) systems. One day simulated

VOC emissions from a LIFE reference: small chamber tests and factorial studies

June 28, 2012
Author(s)
Wenjuan Wei, Sylvester M. Greer, Cynthia H. Reed, Andrew K. Persily, Yinping Zhang
A liquid-inner tube diffusion-film-emission (LIFE) reference was developed to quickly evaluate the performance of a chamber system for furniture/building material VOC emission tests. The reference has a constant emission rate determined by an analytical

Analysis of Thermal-Conductivity Measurement Data from International Comparison of National Laboratories

June 19, 2012
Author(s)
Bruno Hay, Robert R. Zarr, Clark Stacey, Leonel Lira Cortes, Ulf Hammerschmidt, Nikolay Sokolov, J.T. Zhang, Jean Remy Filtz
For the first time under the auspices of the Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (BIPM), seven national metrology institutes (NMIs) participated in an international interlaboratory comparison on thermal-conductivity measurements by the guarded hot

VISCOSITY AND DENSITY OF CuO NANOLUBRICANT

June 14, 2012
Author(s)
Mark A. Kedzierski
This paper presents liquid kinematic viscosity and density measurements of a synthetic polyolester based copper (II) oxide (CuO) nanoparticle dispersion (nanolubricant) at atmospheric pressure for a temperature range from approximately 288 K to 318 K. The

Certification of SRM 2492: Bingham Paste Mixture for Rheological Measurements

June 7, 2012
Author(s)
Chiara F. Ferraris, Paul E. Stutzman, William F. Guthrie
Rheological measurements are often performed using a rotational rheometer. In this type of rheometer, the tested fluid is sheared between two surfaces, one of which is rotating [1]. Usually, the angular velocity is imposed and the response of the material

Framework for hybrid life-cycle inventory databases: BEES case study

June 1, 2012
Author(s)
Sangwon Suh, Barbara C. Lippiatt
In an effort to develop a whole building LCA tool, NIST is transforming new bottom-up BEES data into a hybrid database in which the strengths of both bottom-up and top-down approaches can be combined. The objective of this paper is to describe the

Proposed General Approach to Fire-Safety Scenarios

May 29, 2012
Author(s)
Amanda P. Robbins, Erica D. Kuligowski, Steve M. Gwynne
A systematic approach to the identification of fire-safety scenarios for analysis is desirable in order to identify important scenarios and to help ensure a consistent approach for different analysts. The number of possible fire-safety scenarios in any

Investigation Plan - National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Technical Investigation of Building and Emergency Communications System Performance in the Joplin, Missouri, Tornado of May 22, 2011

May 24, 2012
Author(s)
Marc L. Levitan, Long T. Phan, Erica D. Kuligowski, Franklin T. Lombardo, David P. Jorgensen
Following the May 22, 2011 tornado that devastated the City of Joplin, NIST sent four engineers to Missouri on May 24 through May 28 to conduct a preliminary reconnaissance. Based on analysis of the data collected and other criteria required by law and

A Case Study of 3D Imaging Productivity Needs to Support Infrastructure Construction

May 23, 2012
Author(s)
Gabriel Dadi, Paul Goodrum, Kamel Saidi, Christopher U. Brown, Joseph Betit
The national infrastructure system is at a crossroads with a need for renewal and expansion in the most efficient manner possible. Light railway construction requires the installation of embedments in reinforced concrete pavement along the length of

Image-based 3D Mapping of Rebar Location for Automated Assessment of Safe Drilling Areas Prior to Placing Embedments in Concrete Bridge Decks

May 23, 2012
Author(s)
Mani Golparvar-Fard, Behshad Ghadimi, Kamel Saidi, Geraldine Cheok, Marek Franaszek, Robert R. Lipman
This paper presents a new image-based approach for 3D mapping the locations of the rebar and embedded components in a railway bridge deck prior to placement of concrete. Our approach enables practitioners to quickly and automatically identify where the

Effect of Diamond Nanolubricant on R134a Pool Boiling Heat Transfer

May 21, 2012
Author(s)
Mark A. Kedzierski
This paper quantifies the influence of diamond nanoparticles on the boiling performance of R134a/polyolester mixtures on a roughened, horizontal, flat surface. Nanofluids are liquids that contain dispersed nano-size particles. A lubricant based nanofluid

Indoor Air Quality in Sustainable, Energy Efficient Buildings

May 15, 2012
Author(s)
Andrew K. Persily, Steven J. Emmerich
Building designers, contractors, owners and managers have long been challenged with providing quality indoor environments at a reasonable energy cost. Current efforts to improve building energy efficiency, including goals of sustainability and net-zero

Concrete rheometers

May 1, 2012
Author(s)
Chiara F. Ferraris, Nicos Martys
The scope of this chapter is to introduce the current technology for measuring the rheological properties of concrete. The need to evaluate or assess the flow properties of concrete has resulted in the invention or design and standardization of hundreds of
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