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Timothy J. Burns, Matthew A. Davies, Michael Kennedy, Howard Yoon
Abstract
Machining is a ubiquitous manufacturing process with tremendous economic impact. For example, Dr. Eugene Merchant, who is a founder of the scientific treatment fo machining processes, recently estimated that approximately 15 % of the value of all manufactured components is derived from machining processes. Other estimates indicate that industrialized nations typically have machining expenditures that range from 3 % to 10 % of their GDP. In the United States, the estimates are slightly lower with annual expenditures of approximately $100B to $150B. However, despite the obvious economic importance, machining remains one of the least understood of manufacturing processes, with parameters still being set primarily by trial-and-error or possibly with the use of handbooks of empirical data.
Burns, T.
, Davies, M.
, Kennedy, M.
and Yoon, H.
(2000),
Micro-NCT of the Tool-Chip Interface in Machining, NIST Interagency/Internal Report (NISTIR), National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD
(Accessed October 8, 2025)