Kukuck, S.
(2009),
Heat and Mass Transfer Through Gypsum Partitions Subjected to Fire Exposures, NIST Interagency/Internal Report (NISTIR), National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, [online], https://doi.org/10.6028/nist.ir.7461, https://tsapps.nist.gov/publication/get_pdf.cfm?pub_id=861472 (Accessed May 10, 2026)
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Heat and Mass Transfer Through Gypsum Partitions Subjected to Fire Exposures
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Abstract
A model is presented that describes the heat transfer through a gypsum wallboard partition assembly incorporating the mass transport effects of water in liquid and vapor form. Sources of water include surface bound (adsorbed) water and hydrated water that is chemically bound with the crystal matrix of gypsum. Liberated water is allowed to migrate through the porous structure through molecular diffusion and pressure driven flow. Evaporation or condensation occurs when the partial pressure of water vapor with the pore space is less than or greater than the saturation pressure, respectively. Results obtained from the model are compared to measurements taken during a standard fire resistance test. It is found that the surface temperatures are typically under-predicted, although qualitatively similar behavior is observed. The analysis implies that the liberation and transport of water in both its liquid and vapor form plays a significant role in the thermal response of gypsum wallboard subjected to fire exposures, perhaps even beyond the extent to which the current model has been developed. The model can be used, under the assumptions through which it was developed, to conduct sensitivity studies of the physical parameters and evaluate the effect upon the fire resistance of the system.Citation
NIST Interagency/Internal Report (NISTIR) - 7461
Report Number
7461
NIST Pub Series
Pub Type
NIST Pubs
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Created August 31, 2009, Updated May 7, 2026