An official website of the United States government
Here’s how you know
Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.
Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock (
) or https:// means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.
Stephan Schlamminger, Leon Chao, Vincent Lee, Craig Shakarji, David Newell, Julian Stirling, Robert Cochrane, Clive Speake
We report the first replication of a high-precision measurement of the gravitational constant, $G$. The experiment employed the torsion balance originally...
Zane Comden, Stephan Schlamminger, Frank Seifert, Kumar Arumugam, Chandra Shahi, David Newell, Leon Chao
Calibration of tools designed to apply known torques such as torque wrenches and torque screwdrivers requires a chain of traceable standards to the definition...
Lorenz Keck, Kumar Arumugam, Leon Chao, Zane Comden, Frank Seifert, David Newell, Darine El Haddad, Stephan Schlamminger
We revisit the Kibble-Robinson Theory (KRT), first proposed in 2014 by Kibble and Robinson, which significantly simplifies the construction and operation of...
An absolute mass balance determines an absolute mass of an object and includes: a dual diameter wheel including: a balance fulcrum; and a balance beam disposed on the balance fulcrum and including: a main mass arm and a counter mass arm; a main mass receiver that receives the object; a main magnet