NOTICE: Due to a lapse in annual appropriations, most of this website is not being updated. Learn more.
Form submissions will still be accepted but will not receive responses at this time. Sections of this site for programs using non-appropriated funds (such as NVLAP) or those that are excepted from the shutdown (such as CHIPS and NVD) will continue to be updated.
An official website of the United States government
Here’s how you know
Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.
Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock (
) or https:// means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.
Building systems, cumulative energy demand, ISO 219130, life cycle assessment, representative inventory, resources, photovoltaic, semiconductors, sustainability, ReCiPe 2016
Rodriguez Garcia, G.
and Kneifel, J.
(2025),
Public Life Cycle Inventory Data Gap Analysis for Silicon-based Photovoltaic Panels, Technical Note (NIST TN), National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, [online], https://doi.org/10.6028/NIST.TN.2350, https://tsapps.nist.gov/publication/get_pdf.cfm?pub_id=960152
(Accessed October 13, 2025)