NOTICE: Due to a lapse in annual appropriations, most of this website is not being updated. Learn more.

Form submissions will still be accepted but will not receive responses at this time. Sections of this site for programs using non-appropriated funds (such as NVLAP) or those that are excepted from the shutdown (such as CHIPS and NVD) will continue to be updated.

U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

PUBLICATIONS

Carbon Monoxide Concentrations and Carboxyhemoglobin Profiles from Portable Generators with a CO Safety Shutoff Operating in a Test House

Published

Author(s)

Steven J. Emmerich, Stephen M. Zimmerman, Steven J. Nabinger, Matthew J. Brookman

Abstract

The U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) is focused on addressing the hazard of acute carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning of consumers from portable generators that can result in death or serious and/or lasting adverse health effects in exposed individuals. Under an interagency agreement with CPSC (CPSC-I-17-0023), the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) conducted a series of tests to characterize the indoor CO concentrations and the associated calculated carboxyhemoglobin (COHb) profiles on simulated occupants resulting from portable generators operating in or near a test house. The tests are intended to provide information to enable CPSC staff to make comparisons of residential CO exposures reflecting operation of current designs of portable engine-driven electric generators, inside or near homes or in attached garages, versus operation of portable generators equipped with a CO safety shutoff device. This report presents measured CO data and calculated COHb levels based on that CO data from tests conducted with five different generators under various operational and environmental conditions. Those data were then used to evaluate how well the indoor air quality model CONTAM can predict CO levels in the garage and the house in support of a planned study that CPSC staff will use to evaluate the impact of CO mitigation requirements in two recently-published voluntary standards.
Citation
Technical Note (NIST TN) - 2049
Report Number
2049
NIST Pub Series
Technical Note (NIST TN)
Pub Type
NIST Pubs

Download Paper

https://doi.org/10.6028/NIST.TN.2049

Keywords

Generator, carbon monoxide, carboxyhemoglobin, CONTAM, exposure, indoor air quality, health, measurements, multizone airflow model, simulation
Buildings and Construction, Indoor air quality, Environment and Environmental health

Citation

Emmerich, S. , Zimmerman, S. , Nabinger, S. and Brookman, M. (2019), Carbon Monoxide Concentrations and Carboxyhemoglobin Profiles from Portable Generators with a CO Safety Shutoff Operating in a Test House, Technical Note (NIST TN), National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, [online], https://doi.org/10.6028/NIST.TN.2049 (Accessed October 1, 2025)

Issues

If you have any questions about this publication or are having problems accessing it, please contact [email protected].

Created June 20, 2019, Updated June 26, 2019
Was this page helpful?