OSAC Lexicon

A widely used audio file format which uses a lossy audio encoding algorithm defined in the MPEG-1 standard,Audio layer 3. The details of this standard are which is published as ISO/IEC 11172-3.

Magnetic resonance imaging.

multiple-stage mass spectrometry experiments designed to record product ion spectra where n is the number of product ion stages (nth-generation product ions)

Term used interchangeably with facial image.

See backup handler canine.

An organization that has more than one laboratory performing forensic DNA analysis.

A canine trained in more than two disciplines

arrangement whereby more than two parties recognize or accept each other's conformity assessment results
Note 1 to entry: The expression “conformity assessment result” signifies the output of any conformity assessment activity (e.g. a report or certificate) and can include a finding of nonconformity.
 

application of selected reaction monitoring to multiple product ions from one or more precursor ions

A test providing for simultaneous amplification of multiple loci.

The relative frequency at which mutations have been observed at a specific genetic locus; generally estimated as the number of mutations observed in parent-offspring pairs divided by the total number of pairs examined.

A device placed on the canine's face to prevent the canine from biting other animals or people, or consuming material.

The National Missing and Unidentified Persons System, which is a national repositoryfor missing persons and unidentified decedent records. It is operated by the NationalInstitute of Justice. See www.namus.gov.

Medical definition: A drug (as opium or morphine) that at moderate doses dulls the senses, relieves pain. Operational usage: An illicit drug (such as marijuana or cocaine) subject to restriction similar to that of addictive narcotics whether physiologically addictive and narcotic or not [1].

A dog trained to detect illicit drugs.

The nostrils.

The upper part of the pharynx connecting with the nasal cavity above the soft palate.

The U.S. National Center for Biotechnology Information is located in Bethesda, Maryland and is part of the United States National Library of Medicine (a branch of the National Institutes of Health). NCBI houses a series of databases relevant to biotechnology and biomedicine and provides several bioinformatics tools for searching and analyzing the housed data.

A systematic, proactive approach to guide departments and agencies at all levels of government, nongovernmental organizations, and the private sector to work together seamlessly and manage incidents involving all threats and hazardsregardless of cause, size, location or complexityin order to reduce the loss of life, property and harm to the environment.

A non-regulatory federal agency within the U.S. Department of Commerce. NIST's mission is to promote U.S. innovation and industrial competitiveness by advancing measurement science, standards, and technology in ways that enhance economic security and improve quality of life. The Dogs and Sensors Subcommittee of the Organization of Scientific Area Committees (managed by NIST) focuses on standards and guidelines related to performance of deployed canines, canine handlers and canine teams, and optimization of their integration with electronic detection devices.

treatment accorded to products, services or processes originating in other countries that is no less favourable than that accorded to like products, services or processes of national origin, in a comparable situation

The scanning resolution used by a specific AFIS, live-scan reader, or other image capturedevice and supported by the originator of the transmission.

Death due solely to natural disease.

Distractor odors that are naturally occurring in the search environment that are not placed by evaluators, observers or participants. Animal remains that were not placed by someone, holes that were dug by wild animals, feces from other animals, etc. (See white noise.)

Those deviations among repetitions of the same handwriting characteristic(s) that are normally demonstrated in the habits of a writer.

Any specimen of writing executed without an attempt to control or alter its usual quality of execution. (SWGDOC E01)

National Crime Information Center of the FBI.See www.fas.org/irp/agency/doj/fbi/is/ncic.htm

A known odor/scent sample that is used to assess the canine's proficiency in a non-matching odor/scent scenario. The canine is expected to give a negative response.

An analytical control that consists of the reagents used in various stages of testing without the introduction of sample; no results are expected from a negative control. 

NOTE For DNA testing, negative controls include extraction blanks/reagent blanks and amplification blanks. A negative control in DNA testing is used to detect contamination introduced into the assay during the testing process via reagents, disposables, or handling errors (which may impact the results observed from samples tested at the same time).

An analytical control that consists of the reagents used in various stages of testing without the introduction of sample; no results are expected from a negative control. For DNA testing, negative controls include extraction blanks, reagent blanks, and amplification blanks. A negative control in DNA testing is used to detect contamination introduced into the assay during the testing process via reagents, disposables or handling errors (which may impact the results observed from samples tested at the same time).

An analytical control that consists of the reagents used in various stages of testing without the introduction of sample; no results are expected from a negative control. 

NOTE For DNA testing, negative controls include extraction blanks/reagent blanks and amplification blanks. A negative control in DNA testing is used to detect contamination introduced into the assay during the testing process via reagents, disposables, or handling errors (which may impact the results observed from samples tested at the same time).

A type of site check in which no existing scent matches the human scent on the article presented to the canine.

An alert/indication given by a canine showing no match to odor/scent, i.e., no matching trail, no substance present, etc.

Checking to confirm that incorrect or inverse inputs yield the expected output (e.g., inputting a letter when a number is required, and observing an error message).

A trained final response by a canine to a non-matching odor/scent