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Thermodynamics

Overview

Thermodynamics research at NIST helps our industrial and scientific partners develop more efficient and reliable processes by improving our understanding of how the arrangement of matter and energy impact the properties of physical and chemical systems.

Thermodymic Data Included in Phase-Based Data Repository

MGI-Logo

An essential part of the MGI is the development of phase-based data repository. Phase-based data are important for many applications, including the development of CALPHAD-based multicomponent databases. The phase-based data include zero-dimensional, one-dimensional, two-dimensional, and three-dimensional data. Examples of some of the phase-data included are phase transformation temperatures (e.g. melting, solidus, solvus), lattice parameters, thermal expansion, elastic constants, and diffusion coefficients and compositions profiles. These data are reported as functions of composition, temperature and/or pressure.

This repository consists of three data sources:

  • Curated experimental and computational multicomponent alloy data in support of the development Co-based superalloys. Currently the data are focus on diffusion data and transition temperatures. These data are curated using the NIST Materials Data Curation System. This collection is being developed in conjunction with CHiMaD.
  • Thermodynamic Research Center Data provides access to thermophysical property data with a focus on unary, binary, and ternary metal systems through a free online web application and associated API. All data are from original experimental publications and include full provenance and critically evaluated uncertainty.
  • Self diffusion and impurity diffusion coefficient data (experimental and computational) are searchable via the periodic table.

News and Updates

Reliable Flow for Chip Makers

Researchers at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) have begun an ambitious project to attack a vexing problem in the semiconductor

A Primary Standard for Measuring Vacuum

A novel, quantum-based vacuum gauge system invented by researchers at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has passed its first test to be

Projects and Programs

Reliable Vaccine Storage

Ongoing
We study provider-level vaccine storage and temperature monitoring methods to develop best practice guidance for public health audiences.

Refrigerants and Working Fluids

Ongoing
The conversion of primary energy (e.g. heat generated by the combustion of a fuel) into useful work most often involves a working fluid operating in a

Publications

Reference materials for phase equilibrium studies. 2. Solid–liquid equilibria (IUPAC Technical Report)

Author(s)
Ala Bazyleva, William E. Acree, Vladimir Diky, Glenn T. Hefter, Johan Jacquemin, M. Clara F. Magalhães, Joe W. Magee, Kirk Nordstrom, John O'Connell, James D. Olson, Ilya Polishuk, Kurt A. G. Schmidt, John M. Shaw, J. P. Martin Trusler, Ronald D. Weir
This article is the second of three projected IUPAC Technical Reports on reference materials for phase equilibrium studies. The goal of this project was to

Tools and Instruments

Leak Artifacts

Leak artifacts are calibrated in the range 1 x 10-6 to 1 x 10-13 mol/s (2 x 10-2 to 2 x 10-9 std. cm3/s at 0 °C). The calibration can be performed directly

Low Pressure Gauges

NIST has developed best-in-the-world primary standard pressure measurement capabilities for pressures spanning the range of 0.01 Pa to 360 kPa through the

Vacuum Gauges

Most calibrations of vacuum gauges are based on a known gas flow rate that is generated by one of two flow meters that operate at constant pressure. The "piston

Awards