Pertzborn, A.
(2019),
Using Distributed Agents to Optimize Thermal Energy Storage, Journal of Energy Storage, [online], https://doi.org/10.1016/j.est.2019.03.011, https://tsapps.nist.gov/publication/get_pdf.cfm?pub_id=926702
(Accessed September 30, 2025)
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Using Distributed Agents to Optimize Thermal Energy Storage
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Abstract
The Intelligent Building Agents Laboratory (IBAL) at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) will be used to develop and evaluate advanced control systems for commercial building heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) applications. Advanced control techniques include model predictive control (MPC) and distributed optimization, both of which can utilize machine learning. This study is a first step in the development of more advanced techniques. MPC is used to generate an optimal schedule for the operation of a cooling plant consisting of ice-on-coil thermal energy storage and two chillers with different maximum capacities. The schedule is generated offline and then used in the IBAL. The performance of the actual system is used to validate the simulation. The simulation is then used to conduct studies relating to the effect of the time horizon and electrical tariff on the optimal schedule.Citation
Journal of Energy Storage
Volume
23
Pub Type
Journals
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Keywords
HVAC, agent, MPC, thermal energy storage, mixed integer linear program
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Created March 14, 2019, Updated September 29, 2025