NOTICE: Due to a lapse in annual appropriations, most of this website is not being updated. Learn more.

Form submissions will still be accepted but will not receive responses at this time. Sections of this site for programs using non-appropriated funds (such as NVLAP) or those that are excepted from the shutdown (such as CHIPS and NVD) will continue to be updated.

U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

PUBLICATIONS

Simultaneous neutron and X-ray tomography for ex-situ 3D visualization of graphite anode degradation from extremely fast-charged lithium-ion batteries

Published

Author(s)

Maha Yusuf, Jacob LaManna, Partha Paul, David Agyeman-Budu, Chuntian Cao, Alison Dunlop, Andrew Jansen, Bryant Polzin, Stephen Trask, Tanvir Tanim, Eric Dufek, Vivek Thampy, Hans-Georg Steinruck, Michael Toney, Johanna Weker

Abstract

Extreme fast charging (XFC) of commercial lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) in ≤10-15 minutes will significantly advance the deployment of electric vehicles globally. However, XFC leads to considerable capacity fade, mainly due to graphite anode degradation. Non-destructive three-dimensional (3D) investigation of XFC-cycled anodes is crucial to connect degradation to capacity loss. Here, we demonstrate the viability of simultaneous neutron and X-ray tomography (NeXT) for ex-situ 3D visualization of graphite anode degradation. NeXT is advantageous because of sensitivity of neutrons to Li and H and X-rays to Cu. We combine the neutron and X-ray tomography with micron resolution for material identification and segmentation on one pristine and one XFC-cycled graphite anode, thereby underscoring the benefits of the simultaneous nature of NeXT. Our ex-situ results pave the way for the design of NeXT-friendly LIB geometries that will allow operando and/or in-situ 3D visualization of graphite anode degradation during XFC.
Citation
Cell Reports Physical Science
Pub Type
Journals

Download Paper

Local Download

Keywords

Neutron imaging, X-ray imaging, tomography, extreme-fast charging, lithium-ion batteries
Neutron research, Materials characterization and Alternative energy

Citation

Yusuf, M. , LaManna, J. , Paul, P. , Agyeman-Budu, D. , Cao, C. , Dunlop, A. , Jansen, A. , Polzin, B. , Trask, S. , Tanim, T. , Dufek, E. , Thampy, V. , Steinruck, H. , Toney, M. and Weker, J. (2022), Simultaneous neutron and X-ray tomography for ex-situ 3D visualization of graphite anode degradation from extremely fast-charged lithium-ion batteries, Cell Reports Physical Science, [online], https://tsapps.nist.gov/publication/get_pdf.cfm?pub_id=935336 (Accessed October 9, 2025)

Issues

If you have any questions about this publication or are having problems accessing it, please contact [email protected].

Created November 16, 2022, Updated March 12, 2025
Was this page helpful?