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Search Publications by: Steven T. Bushby (Fed)

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Displaying 1 - 25 of 66

A Simulation Framework for Analyzing the Impact of Stochastic Occupant Behaviors on Demand Flexibility in Typical Commercial Buildings

June 27, 2023
Author(s)
Zhelun Chen, Yicheng Li, Jin Wen, Liang Chung Lo, Gabriel Grajewski, Zheng O'Neill, Amanda Pertzborn, Vance (Wm.) Payne, Steven T. Bushby
As one of the primary users of the electric grid, buildings and building equipment, including heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems, can be leveraged to provide the flexible demand needed to balance the grid. Typical strategies to

Development of a Hardware-in-the-loop Testbed for Laboratory Performance Verification of Flexible Building Equipment in Typical Commercial Buildings

June 27, 2022
Author(s)
Zhelun Chen, Jin Wen, Steven T. Bushby, Caleb Calfa, Yangyang Fu, Gabriel Grajewski, Yicheng Li, L. James Lo, Zheng O'Neill, Vance (Wm.) Payne, Amanda Pertzborn, Zhiyao Yang
The goals of reducing energy costs, shifting electricity peaks, increasing the use of renewable energy, and enhancing the stability of the electric grid can be met in part by fully exploiting the energy flexibility potential of buildings and building

An Analysis of the Hybrid Internal Mass Modeling Approach in EnergyPlus

June 22, 2022
Author(s)
Zhelun Chen, Jin Wen, Steven T. Bushby, L James Lo, Zheng O'Neill, Vance (Wm.) Payne, Amanda Pertzborn, Caleb Calfa, Yangyang Fu, Gabriel Grajewski, Yicheng Li, Zhiyao Yang
Accurate simulation of building system dynamics is particularly important for understanding building energy flexibility. Among all dynamics in a building, a zone temperature's variation is especially important, as it significantly affects a building's

NIST Transactive Energy Modeling and Simulation Challenge Phase II Final Report

May 3, 2019
Author(s)
David G. Holmberg, Martin J. Burns, Steven T. Bushby, Avi Gopstein
The NIST Transactive Energy (TE) Modeling and Simulation Challenge for the Smart Grid (Challenge) spanned from 2015 to 2018. The TE Challenge was initiated to identify simulation tools and expertise that might be developed or combined in co-simulation

Retro-Commissioning a Performing Arts Center using HVAC-Cx

February 21, 2019
Author(s)
Natascha S. Milesi-Ferretti, Michael A. Galler, Steven T. Bushby, Robert Leader, J. M. Whitcomb, David W. Rush
This paper presents the use of a semi-automated commissioning tool for the energy retro-commissioning of the Performing Arts Center at Montgomery College in Rockville, Maryland. Researchers and field practitioners collaborated to implement the HVAC-Cx

Transactive Energy Challenge Phase II Scenario

October 23, 2018
Author(s)
David G. Holmberg, Martin J. Burns, Steven T. Bushby, Avi M. Gopstein
The TE Challenge Phase II Scenario was developed in a multi-step process in collaboration with industry experts. The Scenario includes a common electric grid definition including attached loads and generators, weather, and reporting metrics which together

Performance Monitoring of Chilled Water Distribution Systems using HVAC-Cx

July 30, 2017
Author(s)
Natascha S. Milesi-Ferretti, Michael A. Galler, Steven T. Bushby
Automated commissioning tools facilitate an ongoing commissioning process to improve occupant comfort, ensure the persistence of correct system operation, and reduce energy consumption. These tools decrease the time and the skill level required to carry

Evaluating the Initial Field Performance of HVAC-Cx for Air Handling Units

August 17, 2016
Author(s)
Natascha S. Milesi-Ferretti, Michael A. Galler, Steven T. Bushby
Automated commissioning tools facilitate the ongoing commissioning process to improve occupant comfort, ensure the persistence of correct system operation, and reduce energy consumption. These tools decrease the time and the skill level required to carry

Heat pump concepts for nZEB – Technology developments, design tools and testing of heat pump systems for nZEB in the USA, Country report IEA HPT Annex 40 Task 2, Task 3 and Task 4 of the USA

December 8, 2015
Author(s)
William V. Payne, Arthur H. Fanney, William M. Healy, Joshua D. Kneifel, Tania Ullah, Farhad Omar, Steven T. Bushby, Brian P. Dougherty, Dustin G. Poppendieck, Lisa C. Ng
The IEA HPT Annex 40 "Heat pump concepts for Nearly Zero Energy Buildings" deals with the application of heat pumps as a core component of the HVAC system for Nearly or Net Zero energy buildings (NZEB). This report covers Task 2 on the system comparison

Impact of Electricity Tariff Parameters on Net Zero Home Cost of Energy

September 29, 2015
Author(s)
Andrew P. Kuo, David Holmberg, Steven T. Bushby
Time-varying electricity rates impact the costs of operation and the value of renewable generation and storage resources. This study investigates the economic impact of electricity tariff parameters on the value of solar photovoltaic (PV) systems in the

Standardization of Smart Grid Customer Interfaces

July 1, 2015
Author(s)
Steven T. Bushby, David G. Holmberg
One of the key concepts of a modernized “smart grid” is to combine modern communication technology with an improved electric grid to enable energy consumers to exchange information with energy suppliers in order to collaboratively manage electricity supply

NIST Framework and Roadmap for Smart Grid Interoperability Standards, Release 3.0

October 1, 2014
Author(s)
Chris Greer, David A. Wollman, Dean Prochaska, Paul A. Boynton, Jeffrey A. Mazer, Cuong Nguyen, Gerald FitzPatrick, Thomas L. Nelson, Galen H. Koepke, Allen R. Hefner Jr., Victoria Yan Pillitteri, Tanya L. Brewer, Nada T. Golmie, David H. Su, Allan C. Eustis, David Holmberg, Steven T. Bushby
Section 1305 of the Energy Independence and Security Act (EISA) of 2007 (Pub. L. 110-140) directs NIST ‘‘to coordinate the development of a framework that includes protocols and model standards for information management to achieve interoperability of

Roadmap for Building Commissioning Research Workshop Summary Report

September 30, 2014
Author(s)
Natascha S. Milesi-Ferretti, David Shipley, Walter Zalis, Steven T. Bushby
This report summarizes the results of the Building Commissioning Research and Measurement Science Needs Webinar Workshop held on April 29, 2014, sponsored by the National Institute of Standards and Technology. This effort supports ongoing research into

Facility Smart Grid Interface and a Demand Response Conceptual Model

August 28, 2014
Author(s)
David G. Holmberg, Steven T. Bushby, David B. Hardin
Residential, commercial, and industrial facilities have potential to support electric grid reliability with demand response (DR) via use of facility energy management approaches. The ability of different DR approaches to successfully engage the maximum

Simulating Occupancy in The NIST Net-Zero Energy Residential Test Facility

November 21, 2013
Author(s)
Farhad Omar, Steven T. Bushby
The Net-Zero Energy Residential Test Facility (NZERTF), at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) in Gaithersburg, Maryland, is a research house that is comparable in size and aesthetic to the houses in the greater Washington DC metro