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NIST Authors in Bold

Displaying 1 - 25 of 143726

Event Report for "MLXN25: Machine Learning for X-ray and Neutron Scattering"

July 3, 2025
Author(s)
Peter Beaucage, Tanny Andrea Chavez Esparza, Alexander Hexemer, Tyler Martin, Peter Muller-Buschbaum, Stephan Roth, Xiaoping Wang
The MLXN25 virtual event was held on April 15, 2025, as a continuous 24-hour global event, uniting over 300 registered participants from 18 countries and 20 user facilities to discuss how machine learning (ML) is transforming X-ray and neutron science

Implementation of a 1 GO star-mesh graphene quantum Hall array resistance standard network for high resistance calibration

July 3, 2025
Author(s)
Dean Jarrett, Albert Rigosi, Yanfei Yang, Alireza Panna, David Newell, Ngoc Thanh Mai Tran, Wei-Chen Lin, Marta Musso, Cheng-Hsueh Yang, Chi-Te Liang, Massimo Ortolano, Randolph Elmquist
A 1 GΩ star-mesh quantized Hall array resistance standard (QHARS) made of thirty-seven quantum Hall effect (QHE) elements was fabricated and tested. The 1 GΩ QHARS has three orders of magnitude fewer QHE elements than a largely series 1 GΩ QHARS, which

Entropy-assisted nanosecond stochastic operation in perpendicular superparamagnetic tunnel junctions

July 2, 2025
Author(s)
Lucile Soumah, Louise Desplat, Nhat-Tan PHAN, Ahmed SIDI EL VALLI, Advait Madhavan, Florian DISDIER, Auffret Stephane, Ricardo Sousa, Ursula Ebels, Mark Stiles, Philippe Talatchian
We demonstrate a good agreement between mean dwell times measured in 50nm diameter, perpendicularly magnetized superparamagnetic tunnel junctions (SMTJ), and theoretical predictions based on Langer's theory. Due to a large entropic contribution, the theory

Inter-tool analysis of a NIST dataset for assessing baseline nucleic acid sequence screening

July 2, 2025
Author(s)
Tyler Laird, Samuel Forry, Kevin Flyangolts, Craig Bartling, Bryan Gemler, Jacob Beal, Tessa Alexanian, Nicole Wheeler, Krista Ternus, Todd Treangen, Gene D. Godbold, Michael Nute, Leonard Foner, Jens Berlips
Nucleic acid synthesis is a dual-use technology that can benefit fields such as biology, medicine, and information storage. However, synthetic nucleic acids could also potentially be used negligently and ultimately cause harm, or be used with malicious

Characterization of Monostatic Base Stations Sensing Resolution Using 5G Reference Signals

July 1, 2025
Author(s)
Tanguy Ropitault, Steve Blandino, David Griffith, Thao Nguyen, Anirudha Sahoo, Nada Golmie
Sensing is poised to be a crucial feature in 6G, leading 3GPP to integrate sensing capabilities into the 5G New Radio (NR) framework. Significant progress has been made, but extensive work remains in defining architectures, protocol operations, and

Analyzing Collusion Threats in the Semiconductor Supply Chain

June 30, 2025
Author(s)
Sanjay Rekhi, Kostas Amberiadis, Abir Ahsan Akib, Ankur Srivastava
In this work, we propose a comprehensive framework to analyze threats related to semiconductor supply chain. The framework introduces a metric which quantifies the severity of different threats subjected to a collusion of adversaries from different stages

Impact of Ni-like metastable states and hyperfine quenching on charge state distribution in an EBIT

June 30, 2025
Author(s)
Chowdhury Abrar Faiyaz, Endre Takacs, Timothy Burke, FNU Dipti, Galen O'Neil, Adam Hosier, Hunter Staiger, Joseph Tan, Yuri Ralchenko
We show the effects of ladder ionization and hyperfine quenching on charge state distributions and spectral features of ions in electron beam ion trap (EBIT) devices. Ladder ionization with intermediate excitation of metastable states proceeds at lower

Guidelines for API Protection for Cloud-Native Systems

June 27, 2025
Author(s)
Ramaswamy Chandramouli, Zack Butcher
Modern enterprise IT systems rely on a family of application programming interfaces (APIs) for integration to support organizational business processes. Hence, a secure deployment of APIs is critical for overall enterprise security. This, in turn, requires

Advanced Metrology Suite for Linking Residual Stress to Fundamental Properties of Thermoset Packaging Materials

June 26, 2025
Author(s)
Polette Centellas, Stian Romberg, Ran Tao, Alexander Landauer, Karl Schoch, Huong Giang Nguyen, Gale Holmes, Gery Stafford, Christopher Soles
Residual stresses inevitably develop in thermosetting materials used for semiconductor packaging during the curing process and in service. Understanding the development of these deleterious stresses is necessary for improving predictive models and

2024 NIST GenAI (Pilot Study): Text-to-Text Evaluation Overview and Results

June 25, 2025
Author(s)
Hariharan Iyer, Seungmin Seo, Lukas Diduch, Kay Peterson, George Awad, Yooyoung Lee
The 2024 NIST Generative AI (GenAI) Pilot Study focuses on evaluating text-to-text (T2T) generation and discrimination tasks to assess the capabilities and limitations of generative AI models and AI detectors. The study aims to measure the effectiveness of

Dynamical structure factor from weak measurements

June 25, 2025
Author(s)
Emine Altuntas, Rosaria Gabriella Lena, Stuart Flannigan, Ian Spielman, Andrew Daley
Much of our knowledge of quantum systems is encapsulated in the expectation value of Hermitian operators, experimentally obtained by averaging projective measurements. However, dynamical properties are often described by products of operators evaluated at

Hallucination Detection in Large Language Models Using Diversion Decoding

June 24, 2025
Author(s)
Basel Abdeen, S M Tahmid Siddiqui, Meah Tahmeed Ahmed, Anoop Singhal, Latifur Khan, Punya Modi, Ehab Al-Shaer
Large language models (LLMs) have emerged as a powerful tool for retrieving knowledge through seamless, human-like interactions. Despite their advanced text generation capabilities, LLMs exhibit hallucination tendencies, where they generate factually

Blackbody radiation Zeeman shift in Rydberg atoms

June 23, 2025
Author(s)
Kyle Beloy, Benjamin Hunt, Roger Brown, Tobias Bothwell, Youssef Hassan, Jacob Siegel, Tanner Grogan, Andrew Ludlow
We consider the Zeeman shift in Rydberg atoms induced by room-temperature blackbody radiation (BBR). BBR shifts to the Rydberg levels are dominated by the familiar BBR Stark shift. However, the BBR Stark shift and the BBR Zeeman shift exhibit different

Experimental Evaluation of AI-Driven Protein Design Risks Using Safe Biological Proxies

June 20, 2025
Author(s)
Svetlana Ikonomova, Bruce Wittmann, Fernanda Piorino Macruz de Oliveira, David Ross, Samuel Schaffter, Olga Vasilyeva, Elizabeth Strychalski, Eric Horvitz, James Diggans, Sheng Lin-Gibson, Geoffrey Taghon
Advances in machine learning are providing new abilities for engineering biology, promising leaps forward with beneficial applications. At the same time, these advances raise concerns about biosecurity. Recently, Wittmann et al. described an in silico

Eave and Vent Experiments (EaVE) Phase A

June 18, 2025
Author(s)
Christopher Brown, Alexander Maranghides, Giovanni Di Cristina Torres, Diana Bailey, Lucy Fox, Eric Link, Selvarajah Ramesh, Monica Flores, Shonali Nazare, J. Houston Miller, Erin McCaughey
This report documents a series of full-scale fire experiments conducted at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) to characterize the performance of select wildland-urban interface (WUI) eave vents exposed to fire from noncombustible

Demonstration of dispersion gas barometry

June 17, 2025
Author(s)
Yuanchao Yang, Jack Stone, Patrick Egan
Realization of the optical pascal has been limited by systematic errors caused by distortion of the optic. In this work, distortion error is circumvented via synchronous measurement of helium refractivity at two optical frequencies. The resultant pressure
Displaying 1 - 25 of 143726
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