Search Publications

NIST Authors in Bold

Displaying 42951 - 42975 of 73779

Rate Effects in Critical Loads for Radial Cracking in Ceramic Coatings

August 1, 2002

Author(s)

C S. Lee, D H. Kim, J Sanchez, P Miranda, Antonia Pajares, Brian R. Lawn

Rate effects in the Hertzian contact loading of model glass/polycarbonate and silicon/polycarbonate bilayers bonded by epoxy adhesive are examined. Glass is used because of its high susceptibility to slow crack growth, making this conventional contribution

Reaction Front Induced Roughness in Chemically Amplified Photoresists

August 1, 2002

Author(s)

Vivek Prabhu, Ronald L. Jones, Eric K. Lin, Joseph~undefined~undefined~undefined~undefined~undefined Lenhart, Christopher Soles, Wen-Li Wu, D L. Goldfarb, M Angelopoulos

We have examined, with tapping mode atomic force microscopy(AFM), the effect of post-exposure bake times and developer on surface roughness using model bilayer interfaces of deuterium-labeled poly(tert-butyloxycarbonyloxy styrene) and poly(hydroxystyrene)

Reconnaissance Report on Damage to Engineered Structures During the May 1999 Oklahoma City Tornado

August 1, 2002

Author(s)

Michael A. Riley

On 3 May 1999, a major storm passed through the mid-west, spawning at least 76 tornadoes, and killing more than 50 people. The Oklahoma City, Oklahoma metropolitan area was the hardest hit, with 43 fatalities, and 10,000 homes destroyed or severely damaged

Rheology of Poly(ethylene oxide) Clay Solutions

August 1, 2002

Author(s)

Sheng Lin-Gibson, G Schmidt, Jai A. Pathak, Charles C. Han

Poly(ethylene oxide) and Laponite, a synthetic hectorite clay, form highly viscoelastic solutions in water. Above a certain clay concentration, these solutions can be described as physical crosslinked networks where clay platelets undergo equilibrium

SAXS Analysis of the Thermal Relaxation Behavior of Oriented Perfluorosulfonate Ionomer Membranes

August 1, 2002

Author(s)

Forrest A. Landis, R B. Moore, Kirt A. Page, Charles C. Han

Small-angle X-ray scattering analysis has been performed on oriented samples of the Nafion perfluorosulfonate ionomer which have been neutralized with a variety of alkylammonium counterions. It has been shown that the temperature at which the oriented

Secure Hash Standard (SHS) [includes Change Notice from 2/25/2004]

August 1, 2002

Author(s)

National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Elaine Barker

[Superseded by FIPS 180-3 (October 2008): http://www.nist.gov/manuscript-publication-search.cfm?pub_id=901372] This standard specifies four secure hash algorithms, SHA-1, SHA-256, SHA-384, and SHA-512. All four of the algorithms are iterative, one-way hash

Security for Telecommuting and Broadband Communications

August 1, 2002

Author(s)

D. Richard Kuhn, Miles C. Tracy, Sheila E. Frankel

[Superseded by SP 800-46 Rev. 1 (June 2009): http://www.nist.gov/manuscript-publication-search.cfm?pub_id=902685] This document introduces broadband communication technologies, and the security considerations associated with them. It discusses the use of a

Setup and Test Procedures dd (GNU Fileutils) 4.0.36 Forensic Tests

August 1, 2002

Author(s)

James R. Lyle

This document describes the testing of dd (GNU fileutils) 4.0.36 as a disk imaging tool on a Linux platform. The Linux version used was Linux version 2.4.2-2 (Red Hat Linux 7.1 2.96-79). The test cases that were applied are described in Disk Imaging Tool

Simulation System Modeling for Mass Customization Manufacturing

August 1, 2002

Author(s)

Guixiu Qiao, Charles R. McLean, Frank H. Riddick

Emerging rapidly as a new paradigm of the 21st century, Mass Customization Manufacturing (MCM) systems possess some special characteristics that make the modeling of such systems extremely difficult. These characteristics include concurrency

Site-Specific Valence-Band Photoemission Study of A-Fe 2 O 3

August 1, 2002

Author(s)

C Y. Kim, Michael Bedzyk, E J. Nelson, Joseph Woicik, L E. Berman

We have measured the site-specific valence-electronic structure of α-Fe 2O 3 by using a spatially modulated X-ray standing wave as the excitation source for photoemission. Contributions to the valence band density of states from oxygen and iron ions are

Spatial Resolution of Spin Waves in an Ultracold Gas

August 1, 2002

Author(s)

J M. McGuirk, H J. Lewandowski, D M. Harber, T Nikuni, J E. Williams, Eric A. Cornell

We present the first spatially resolved images of spin waves in a gas. The complete longitudinal and transverse spin field as a function oftime and space is reconstructed. Frequencies and damping rates for a standing-wave mode are extracted and compared

Standards for Optical Imaging Systems in Forensic Laboratories

August 1, 2002

Author(s)

Jun-Feng Song, Theodore V. Vorburger, Robert A. Clary, Eric P. Whitenton, Li Ma, Susan M. Ballou

NIST RM (Reverence Material) 8240/2350 standard bullet and casing project is currently ongoing to support the National Integrated Ballistics Information Network (NIBIN) in the US. The original bullet signatures were traced on six master bullets from

Status of Spectroscopic Databases - A Summary

August 1, 2002

Author(s)

Wolfgang L. Wiese

Short summaries of four databases on atomic spectroscopy data are given, as they were presented at the 7th International Colloquium on Atomic Spectra Database of NIST,and other more specialized databases are actively maintained at the Weizmann Institute

Structure Development From Simultaneous Phase Separation and Crystallization of Metallocene Polyolefin Blends

August 1, 2002

Author(s)

Charles C. Han, Haonan Wang, K Shimizu, H W. Kim, Erik K. Hobbie, Z G. Wang

Non-linear structural dynamics in polymer blends can be expected when dual or multiple phase ordering processes co-exist. In a typical case of liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) and crystallization co-existence in polyolefin blends, linear dynamics of

Structure Formation in Micro-Confined Polymeric Emulsions

August 1, 2002

Author(s)

Jai A. Pathak, Steven D. Hudson, Kalman D. Migler

Application of a shear field to a concentrated emulsion induces a complex spatial and temporal response. The behavior of a concentrated system is treated as an extrapolation of the well-understood behavior of isolated droplets (or of the behavior of two

Subsolidus Phase Relationships of the BaO-R 2 O 3 -CuO x System Under Carbonate-Free Conditions at P O 2 = 100 Pa and at p( O 2 )=21kPA

August 1, 2002

Author(s)

Winnie K. Wong-Ng, Lawrence P. Cook, J Suh

The phase diagrams of the BaO-Gd 2O 3-CuO z and BaO-Er 2O 3-CuO z systems were determined at 0.1% O 2 (810 C) using special apparatus and a procedure for preparing carbonate-free precursors based on BaO. The handling of these atmospherically sensitive

Subsolidus Phase Relationships of the BaO-Y 2 O 3 -CuO x System Under Carbonate-Free Conditions at p O d2^^=100 Pa and at p O d2^^=21 kPa

August 1, 2002

Author(s)

Winnie K. Wong-Ng, Lawrence P. Cook, J Suh

Current applications of BaO-Y 2O 3-CuO x phase equilibria are focused on the use of coated conductor technology for fabrication of superconducting tape. Although such processing is typically carried out with carbonate-free high T c precursors, the majority

Superconformal Electrodeposition of Silver in Submicrometer Features

August 1, 2002

Author(s)

Thomas P. Moffat, B C. Baker, Daniel Wheeler, John E. Bonevich, Monica D. Edelstein, D R Kelly, L Gan, Gery R. Stafford, P J. Chen, William F. Egelhoff Jr., Daniel Josell

The generality of the curvature enhanced accelerator coverage (CEAC) model of superconformal electrodeposition is demonstrated through application to superconformal filling of fine trenches during silver deposition from selenium-catalyzed silver cyanide

Symmetry of Spatial-Dispersion-Induced Birefringence and its Implications for CaF 2 Ultraviolet Optics

August 1, 2002

Author(s)

John H. Burnett, Zachary H. Levine, Eric L. Shirley, J H. Bruning

The discovery of a large intrinsic birefringence in CaF 2 at ultraviolet wavelengths has had a major impact on the design of 157 nm lithography systems, requiring complete redesign of the optics to take account of the imaging aberrations resulting from the

Synchronization for Two Passively Mode-Locked, PS Lasers Within 20 fs for Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Scattering Microscopy

August 1, 2002

Author(s)

D J. Jones, E Potma, J X. Cheng, B Burfeindt, Y Pang, Jun Ye, X. Xie

We report on the synchronization of two commercial picosecond Ti: sapphire lasers with unprecedented low temporal jitter between the pulsetrains. Pulse jitter is reduced from a few picoseconds to 20 femtoseconds with a stability of several hours. The

Systems Engineering Foundations of Software Systems Integration

August 1, 2002

Author(s)

Peter O. Denno, Allison Barnard Feeney

This paper concerns how engineering capability should be factored into problem solving agencies for application to software systems integration tasks, and how the results produced by these agencies should be communicated and integrated into a system

TEM Characterization of Textured Alumina Produced by Templated Grain Growth (TGG)

August 1, 2002

Author(s)

B Hockey, G L. Messing

Current interest in polycrystalline ceramics having properties that reflect anisotopic characteristics inherent to their single crystal forms has led to development of new processing techniques for producing textured microstructures. One such technique is

Test Procedures for Developing Solder Data

August 1, 2002

Author(s)

Thomas A. Siewert, C A. Handwerker

This publication documents standardized test procedures that can produce valid and reproducible mechanical property data for lead-free solders. Such data speeds the application of lead-free solders in high-volume, automated production of electronic

The Cations and Anions of Cyclobutanetetraone Poly(Phenylhydrazones)

August 1, 2002

Author(s)

H S. El Khadem, M A. Shalaby, B Coxon

Six cyclobutanetetraone poly (arylhydrazones) have been treated with acids and bases, and the structures of the resulting anions and cations studied by UV/visible absorption and NMR spectroscopy. In acid media, all the hydrazones studied formed cations

The Effect of Topic Set Size on Retrieval Experiment Error

August 1, 2002

Author(s)

Ellen M. Voorhees, C E. Buckley

Retrieval mechanisms are frequently compared by computing the respective average scores for some effectiveness metric across a common set of information needs or topics. Since retrieval system behavior is known to be highly variable across topics, good

Advanced communications
-Open Radio Access Network (Open-RAN)
-Quantum communications
-Spectrum sharing
-Wireless (RF)
Artificial intelligence
-AI measurement and evaluation
-Autonomous systems
--Automated vehicles
--Autonomous laboratories
-Applied AI
-Fundamental AI
-Hardware for AI
-Machine learning
-Trustworthy and responsible AI
Bioscience
-Bioeconomy
--Biological data
-Bioimaging
-Bioinformatics
-Biomanufacturing
-Biomaterials
-Biometrology
-Biosecurity
--Biosurveillance
--Genomic cybersecurity
--Nucleic acid sequence screening
-Cell measurements
-Engineering / synthetic biology
--Biofabrication
--Cell-free systems
--Genome engineering
--Protein engineering
-Gene delivery systems
-Genome editing
-Genomics
-Glycomics
-Metabolomics
-Microbial measurements
-Proteomics
Buildings and Construction
-Building codes and standards
-Building control systems
-Building damage and repair
-Building economics
-Building materials
-Energy efficiency
-Heating, ventilation and air conditioning equipment
-Indoor air quality
-Structural engineering
-Thermal comfort
Chemistry
-Analytical chemistry
-Chemical engineering and processing
-Chemical thermodynamics and chemical properties
-Molecular characterization
-Theoretical chemistry and modeling
-Thermochemical properties
Electronics
-Electromagnetics
-Flexible electronics
-Magnetoelectronics
-Optoelectronics
-Organic electronics
-Semiconductors
-Sensors
-Superconducting electronics
Energy
-Alternative energy
-Conventional energy
-Electric power / smart grid
-Fuels
Environment
-Air / water / soil quality
-Climate Measurements
-Environmental health
-Greenhouse gas measurements
-Marine science
-Sustainability
Fire
-Fire detection
-Fire dynamics and science
-Fire fighting
-Fire modeling
-Fire risk reduction
-Materials flammability
-Structural fire resistance
-Wildland urban interface fire
Forensic Science
-Digital evidence
-Drugs and toxicology
-Firearms and toolmarks
-Forensic biometrics
-Forensic genetics
-Trace evidence
Health
-Biopharmaceuticals
-Cell and gene therapy
-Clinical diagnostics
--Cancer
--Medical imaging
-Food and nutrition
-Human microbiome
-Precision medicine
-Regenerative medicine and advanced therapy
--Flow cytometry
Information technology
-Biometrics
-Cloud computing and virtualization
-Complex systems
-Computational science
-Conformance testing
-Cyber-physical systems
--Smart cities
-Cybersecurity and privacy
--Cryptography
--Cybersecurity education and workforce development
--Cybersecurity measurement
--Identity and access management
--Privacy engineering
--Risk management
--Securing emerging technologies
--Trustworthy networks
--Trustworthy platforms
-Data and informatics
--Human language technology
--Information retrieval
--Natural language processing
-Digital twins
-Federal information processing standards (FIPS)
-Health IT
-Internet of Things (IoT)
-Interoperability testing
-Location based services
-Mobile
-Networking
--Mobile and wireless networking
--Network management and monitoring
--Network modeling and analysis
--Network security and robustness
--Network test and measurement
--Next generation networks
--Protocol design and standardization
--Software defined and virtual networks
-Software research
--Software testing
-Usability and human factors
--Accessibility
-Video analytics
-Virtual / augmented reality
-Visualization research
-Voting systems
Infrastructure
Manufacturing
-Additive manufacturing
-Factory communications
-Factory operations planning and control
-Interoperability in manufacturing
-Machining
-Manufacturing economics
-Manufacturing quality assurance
-Manufacturing systems design and analysis
-Monitoring, diagnostics and prognostics
-Process improvement
-Process measurement and control
-Product data
-Robotics
--Agility and adaptability
--Collaborative robots
--Dexterous grasping
--Manipulation
--Mobility and industrial autonomous vehicles
--Navigation / actuation / control
--Sensing and perception
-Supply chain
-Sustainable manufacturing
-Systems engineering
-Systems integration
-Technology commercialization
Materials
-Ceramics
-Composites
-Concrete / cement
-Materials characterization
--Composition and structure
--Mechanical properties
--Thermal properties
-Metals
-Modeling and computational material science
-Polymers
-Superconductors
Mathematics and statistics
-Experiment design
-Image and signal processing
-Modeling and simulation research
-Numerical methods and software
-Statistical analysis
-Uncertainty quantification
Metrology
-Amount of substance
-Dimensional metrology
-Electrical / electromagnetic metrology
-Flow metrology and rheology
-Force metrology
-Humidity metrology
-Ionizing radiation metrology
-Mass metrology
-Metric
-Optical / photometry / laser metrology
-Pressure and vacuum metrology
-Thermometry metrology
-Time and frequency metrology
-Weights and measures
Nanotechnology
-Nanobiotechnology
-Nanochemistry
-Nanoelectronics
-Nanofabrication / manufacturing
--Lithography
--Self-assembly
-Nanofluidics
-Nanomagnetics
-Nanomaterials
-Nanomechanics
-Nanometrology
-Nanophotonics
-Nanophysics
-Nanoplasmonics
Neutron research
Performance excellence
-Assessment tools and services
-Baldrige award
-Baldrige examiners
-Baldrige Framework and Criteria
-Best practices
-Leadership development
Physics
-Atomic / molecular / quantum
-Biological physics
-Condensed matter
-Electron physics
-Magnetics
-Nuclear physics
-Optical physics and communications
-Quantum information science
-Radiation
-Spectroscopy
-Thermodynamics
-Time and frequency
Public safety
-Chemical / Biological / Radiological / Nuclear / Explosives (CBRNE)
-First responder preparedness
-Law enforcement
-Public safety communications research
-Response robots
Resilience
-Community resilience
--Recovery
--Resilience metrics
-Disaster and failure studies
-Earthquake risk reduction
-Resilience economics
-Resilient materials
-Windstorm impact reduction
Standards
-Accreditation
-Calibration services
-Conformity assessment
-Documentary standards
-Frameworks
-Quality assurance
-Reference data
-Reference instruments
-Reference materials
-Standards education
Technology transfer
Transportation
-Aerospace
-Automotive