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Search Publications

NIST Authors in Bold

Displaying 26 - 50 of 143757

Analyzing Collusion Threats in the Semiconductor Supply Chain

June 30, 2025
Author(s)
Sanjay Rekhi, Kostas Amberiadis, Abir Ahsan Akib, Ankur Srivastava
In this work, we propose a comprehensive framework to analyze threats related to semiconductor supply chain. The framework introduces a metric which quantifies the severity of different threats subjected to a collusion of adversaries from different stages

Impact of Ni-like metastable states and hyperfine quenching on charge state distribution in an EBIT

June 30, 2025
Author(s)
Chowdhury Abrar Faiyaz, Endre Takacs, Timothy Burke, FNU Dipti, Galen O'Neil, Adam Hosier, Hunter Staiger, Joseph Tan, Yuri Ralchenko
We show the effects of ladder ionization and hyperfine quenching on charge state distributions and spectral features of ions in electron beam ion trap (EBIT) devices. Ladder ionization with intermediate excitation of metastable states proceeds at lower

Guidelines for API Protection for Cloud-Native Systems

June 27, 2025
Author(s)
Ramaswamy Chandramouli, Zack Butcher
Modern enterprise IT systems rely on a family of application programming interfaces (APIs) for integration to support organizational business processes. Hence, a secure deployment of APIs is critical for overall enterprise security. This, in turn, requires

Advanced Characterization of the Cure Kinetics of a Liquid Encapsulant

June 26, 2025
Author(s)
Anthony Kotula, Ran Tao, Jianwei Tu, Young Lee, Gale Holmes
Liquid encapsulants are versatile packaging materials that provide electrical insulation and mechanical protection for microelectronic devices. As more advanced encapsulants are formulated to address modern packaging needs, advanced characterization

Advanced Metrology Suite for Linking Residual Stress to Fundamental Properties of Thermoset Packaging Materials

June 26, 2025
Author(s)
Polette Centellas, Stian Romberg, Ran Tao, Alexander Landauer, Karl Schoch, Huong Giang Nguyen, Gale Holmes, Gery Stafford, Christopher Soles
Residual stresses inevitably develop in thermosetting materials used for semiconductor packaging during the curing process and in service. Understanding the development of these deleterious stresses is necessary for improving predictive models and

2024 NIST GenAI (Pilot Study): Text-to-Text Evaluation Overview and Results

June 25, 2025
Author(s)
Hariharan Iyer, Seungmin Seo, Lukas Diduch, Kay Peterson, George Awad, Yooyoung Lee
The 2024 NIST Generative AI (GenAI) Pilot Study focuses on evaluating text-to-text (T2T) generation and discrimination tasks to assess the capabilities and limitations of generative AI models and AI detectors. The study aims to measure the effectiveness of

Dynamical structure factor from weak measurements

June 25, 2025
Author(s)
Emine Altuntas, Rosaria Gabriella Lena, Stuart Flannigan, Ian Spielman, Andrew Daley
Much of our knowledge of quantum systems is encapsulated in the expectation value of Hermitian operators, experimentally obtained by averaging projective measurements. However, dynamical properties are often described by products of operators evaluated at

Hallucination Detection in Large Language Models Using Diversion Decoding

June 24, 2025
Author(s)
Basel Abdeen, S M Tahmid Siddiqui, Meah Tahmeed Ahmed, Anoop Singhal, Latifur Khan, Punya Modi, Ehab Al-Shaer
Large language models (LLMs) have emerged as a powerful tool for retrieving knowledge through seamless, human-like interactions. Despite their advanced text generation capabilities, LLMs exhibit hallucination tendencies, where they generate factually

Blackbody radiation Zeeman shift in Rydberg atoms

June 23, 2025
Author(s)
Kyle Beloy, Benjamin Hunt, Roger Brown, Tobias Bothwell, Youssef Hassan, Jacob Siegel, Tanner Grogan, Andrew Ludlow
We consider the Zeeman shift in Rydberg atoms induced by room-temperature blackbody radiation (BBR). BBR shifts to the Rydberg levels are dominated by the familiar BBR Stark shift. However, the BBR Stark shift and the BBR Zeeman shift exhibit different

First direct search for light dark matter interactions in a transition-edge sensor

June 23, 2025
Author(s)
Christina Schwemmbauer, Adriana Lita, Yonit Hochberg, Axel Lindner, Friederike Januschek, Manuel Meyer, Benjamin Lehmann
We propose the use of transition-edge sensor (TES) single-photon detectors as a simultaneous target and sensor for direct dark matter searches, and report results from the first search of this kind. We perform a 489 h science run with a TES device

Analysis of Propagation of Regular, Extended, and Large BGP Communities

June 20, 2025
Author(s)
Lilia Hannachi, Kotikalapudi Sriram, Douglas Montgomery
This study focuses on the analysis of propagation of Regular, Extended, and Large Communities in the Border Gateway Protocol (BGP). Once added, these communities are often intended to be transitive by default, meaning that they should be propagated from

Experimental Evaluation of AI-Driven Protein Design Risks Using Safe Biological Proxies

June 20, 2025
Author(s)
Svetlana Ikonomova, Bruce Wittmann, Fernanda Piorino Macruz de Oliveira, David Ross, Samuel Schaffter, Olga Vasilyeva, Elizabeth Strychalski, Eric Horvitz, James Diggans, Sheng Lin-Gibson, Geoffrey Taghon
Advances in machine learning are providing new abilities for engineering biology, promising leaps forward with beneficial applications. At the same time, these advances raise concerns about biosecurity. Recently, Wittmann et al. described an in silico

Eave and Vent Experiments (EaVE) Phase A

June 18, 2025
Author(s)
Christopher Brown, Alexander Maranghides, Giovanni Di Cristina Torres, Diana Bailey, Lucy Fox, Eric Link, Selvarajah Ramesh, Monica Flores, Shonali Nazare, J. Houston Miller, Erin McCaughey
This report documents a series of full-scale fire experiments conducted at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) to characterize the performance of select wildland-urban interface (WUI) eave vents exposed to fire from noncombustible

Demonstration of dispersion gas barometry

June 17, 2025
Author(s)
Yuanchao Yang, Jack Stone, Patrick Egan
Realization of the optical pascal has been limited by systematic errors caused by distortion of the optic. In this work, distortion error is circumvented via synchronous measurement of helium refractivity at two optical frequencies. The resultant pressure
Displaying 26 - 50 of 143757
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