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Displaying 26 - 50 of 796

FixItFelix: improving genomic analysis by fixing reference errors

February 21, 2023
Author(s)
Sairam Behera, Jonathan LeFaive, Peter Orchard, Justin Zook, Fritz Sedlazeck
The current version of the human reference genome, GRCh38, contains a number of errors including 1.2 Mbp of falsely duplicated and 8.04 Mbp of collapsed regions. These errors impact the variant calling of 33 protein-coding genes, including 12 with medical

Cannabis Quality Assurance Program: Exercise 2 Toxic Elements Final Report

December 15, 2022
Author(s)
Chuck Barber, Colleen E. Bryan Sallee, Carolyn Burdette, Shaun Kotoski, Melissa M. Phillips, Walter Brent Wilson, Laura Wood
In 2020, NIST launched CannaQAP to improve the comparability of the analytical measurements of cannabis and cannabis-derived products in forensic and cannabis (hemp and marijuana) testing laboratories. CannaQAP is an interlaboratory study mechanism that is

Development of an Improved Standard Reference Material for Folate Vitamers in Human Serum

December 12, 2022
Author(s)
Johanna Camara, Jeanita Pritchett, Yasmine Daniels, Mary Bedner, Michael Nelson, Mark Lowenthal, Zia Fazili, Christine Pfeiffer, Karen W. Phinney, Katherine E. Sharpless, Lane C. Sander, Katrice Lippa, James H. Yen, Adam Kuszak, Stephen Wise
The US National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) developed a Standard Reference Material® (SRM®) 3949 Folate Vitamers in Frozen Human Serum to replace SRM 1955 Homocysteine and Folate in Human Serum. The presence of increased endogenous levels

Life History, Contaminant and Histopathologic Assessment of Beluga Whales, Delphinapterus leucas, Harvested for Subsistence in Cook Inlet, Alaska, 1989-2005

November 16, 2022
Author(s)
Kathy Burek-Huntington, Kim Shelden, Kim Goetz, Barbara Mahoney, Dan Vos, Jessica L. Reiner, Jennifer Hoguet, Greg O'Corry-Crowe
Throughout the State of Alaska, ranging from the eastern Beaufort Sea to Bristol Bay, and within the boundaries of Cook Inlet, belugas are an important subsistence resource for Native communities. Cook Inlet belugas (CIBs, Delphinapterus leucas) are

Sensor Technologies for Quality Control in Engineered Tissue Manufacturing

October 27, 2022
Author(s)
Mary Clare McCorry, Marcie Black, Chrysanthi Williams, Greta Babakhanova, Sumona Sarkar, Nathan Swami, Katherine A. Mirica, Sarah Boermeester, Abbie Underhill
The use of engineered cells, tissues, and organs has the opportunity to change the way injuries and diseases are treated. Commercialization of these groundbreaking technologies has been limited in part by the complex and costly nature of their manufacture

Semi-automated assembly of high-quality diploid human reference genomes

October 19, 2022
Author(s)
Erich Jarvis, Giulio Formenti, Jennifer McDaniel, Nathanael David Olson, Justin Wagner, Justin Zook, Kerstin Howe, Karen Miga
The current human reference genome, GRCh38, represents over 20 years of effort to generate a high-quality assembly, which has benefitted society. However, it still has many gaps and errors, and does not represent a biological genome as it is a blend of

AI Assurance for the Public -- Trust but Verify, Continuously

October 3, 2022
Author(s)
Phillip Laplante, D. Richard Kuhn
Artificial intelligence (AI) systems are increasingly seen in many public facing applications such as self-driving land vehicles, autonomous aircraft, medical systems and financial systems. AI systems should equal or surpass human performance, but given

Report from the NIST Workshop: Launch of the Rapid Microbial Testing Methods Consortium

September 27, 2022
Author(s)
Nancy Lin, Scott Jackson, Stephanie Servetas, Kirsten Parratt, Joy Dunkers, Tara Eskandari, Sheng Lin-Gibson
On September 17, 2020, NIST hosted a virtual workshop to launch the Rapid Microbial Testing Methods (RMTM) Consortium. The RMTM Consortium aims to address the need for measurements and standards to increase confidence in the use of rapid testing for

Certification of Standard Reference Material(R) 915c Calcium Carbonate

September 20, 2022
Author(s)
Thomas W. Vetter, Jason Waters, Adam L. Pintar
Standard Reference Material (SRM) 915c Calcium Carbonate is certified as a chemical substance of known purity. It is intended for use in the calibration and standardization of procedures for calcium (Ca) determinations employed in clinical analysis and for

Report on the DHS/NIST Workshop on Standards for an Enduring Capability in Wastewater Surveillance for Public Health (SWWS Workshop)

August 16, 2022
Author(s)
Nancy Lin, Stephanie Servetas, Scott Jackson, Katrice Lippa, Kirsten Parratt, Philip Mattson, Clare Beahn, Mia Mattioli, Sally Gutierrez, Michael Focazio, Ted Smith, Paul Storella, Sarah Wright
Wastewater surveillance is a promising approach to monitor biological and chemical contaminants on a community level in support of public health and safety decisions. Wastewater surveillance has recently been shown highly effective for the early detection

Levels and profiles of perfluorinated alkyl acids in liver tissues of birds with different habitat types and trophic levels from an urbanized coastal region of South Korea

August 1, 2022
Author(s)
Sang Hee Hong, Jessica L. Reiner, Mi Jang, Stacy Schuur, Gi Myung Han, John Kucklick, Won Joon Shim
Contamination status and characteristics of perfluorinated alkyl acids (PFAAs) including perfluorinated carboxylic acids (PFCAs) and perfluorinated sulfonic acids (PFSAs) was examined using liver tissue of birds - blacktailed gulls (Larus crassirostris)

Polymorphic variant Asp239Tyr of human DNA glycosylase NTHL1 is inactive for removal of a variety of oxidatively-induced DNA base lesions from genomic DNA

July 16, 2022
Author(s)
Melis Kant, Victoria Quintana, Erdem Coskun, Pawel Jaruga, R. Stephen Lloyd, Joann Sweasy, Miral M. Dizdar
Base excision repair is the major pathway for the repair of oxidatively-induced DNA damage with DNA glycosylases removing modified DNA bases in the first step. Among them, human NTHL1 is specific for excision of several pyrimidine- and purine-derived

Technical Framework for High Quality New Approach Methodologies (NAMs)

July 15, 2022
Author(s)
Elijah Petersen, John T. Elliott, John Gordon, Nicole Kleinstreuer, Emily Reinke, Matthias Roesslein, Blaza Toman
New approach methodologies (NAMs) are in vitro, in chemico, and computational approaches that can potentially be used to reduce animal testing. For NAMs that require laboratory experiments, it is critical that they provide consistent and reliable results

Computational Study of the Allosteric Effects of p5 on the CDK5-p25 Hyperactivity as Alternative Inhibitory Mechanisms in Neurodegeneration

June 30, 2022
Author(s)
Tejaswi Tammareddy, Walid Keyrouz, Ram D. Sriram, Harish C. Pant, Antonio Cardone, Jeffery B. Klauda
The cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK5) forms a stable complex with its activator p25, leading to the hyperphosphorylation of tau proteins and to the formation of plaques and tangles that are considered to be one of the typical causes of Alzheimer's disease (AD
Displaying 26 - 50 of 796