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Materials

Concrete / cement

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Displaying 76 - 100 of 176

Particle shape effects on particle size measurement for crushed waste glass

December 18, 2016
Author(s)
Kyle Riding, Mohammadreza Mirzohosseini, Edward Garboczi
Recently, narrow particle size distributions, as measured by sieve analysis, of crushed waste glass were used as a replacement for Portland cement in concrete. Their chemical reactivity was successfully studied as a function of this measure of particle

Rheological Measurement of Suspensions Without Slippage: Experimental and Model

December 13, 2016
Author(s)
Alex Olivas, Michelle A. Helsel, Nicos Martys, Chiara C. Ferraris, William L. George, Raissa Ferron
The conclusion of international studies was that the optimal approach to calibrate concrete rheometers would be to develop a non-Newtonian standard reference material (SRM) that contained inclusions similar in size to aggregates used commonly in concrete

Irreversible Desiccation Shrinkage of Cement Paste Caused by Cement Grain Dissolution

November 23, 2016
Author(s)
Xiaodan Li, Zachary Grasley, Jeffrey W. Bullard, Edward Garboczi
When cementitious materials are dried, internal stresses are generated that lead to desiccation shrinkage. A portion of this shrinkage is irreversible. Based on previous research indicating that dissolution of cement grains while a cementitious composite

Modeling and Measuring Chloride Ingress into Cracked Mortar

August 7, 2016
Author(s)
Scott Jones, Jeffery Davis, John L. Molloy, John R. Sieber, Dale P. Bentz
Chloride ingress into reinforced concrete structures is responsible for initiating corrosion of steel embedded into concrete. To aide in the prediction of concrete service life, a chloride ingress model that includes chloride binding to the cement matrix

Direct Measurements of 3D Structure, Chemistry, and Mass Density During the Induction Period of C3S Hydration

July 27, 2016
Author(s)
Qinang Hu, Mohammed Aboustait, Taehwan Kim, Tyler Ley, Jeffrey W. Bullard, Jay C. Hanan, Volker Rose, Robert Winarski
The reasons for the start and end of the induction period remain a mystery in cement hydration. One long-standing hypothesis is the importance of early hydration products on the surface of cement particles. However, because this material is not widely

Direct Three-Dimensional Observation of the Microstructure and Chemistry of C3S Hydration

July 14, 2016
Author(s)
Qinang Hu, Mohammed Aboustait, Taehwan Kim, Tyler Ley, Jay C. Hanan, Jeffrey W. Bullard, Robert Winarski, Volker Rose
While portland cement has been widely studied for over 100 years, there are still widespread disagreements on the mechanisms of hydration. One reason for this is that direct observation of the change in microstructure and chemistry are challenging for many

Reclamation-NIST Exploratory Research Symposium Summary Report

April 6, 2016
Author(s)
Nicholas Barbosa, Jessica Torrey
The Reclamation-NIST Exploratory Research Symposium was held on August 4-5, 2015, at the Reclamation Denver Federal Center facility in Lakewood, CO, and the NIST facility in Boulder, CO. Staff from the Bureau of Reclamation and the National Institute of

Advances in shape measurement in the digital world

March 22, 2016
Author(s)
Edward Garboczi, Xiaodong Jia
The importance of particle shape in affecting the behaviour of powders and other particulate systems has long been recognised, but until fairly recently particle shape information has been rather difficult to obtain and use compared to its more well-known

The Influence of Water Activity on the Hydration Rates of Triclinic Tricalcium Silicate

January 20, 2016
Author(s)
Tandre Oey, Aditya Kumar, Gabriel Falzone, Jian Huang, Sierra Kennison, Mathieu Bauchy, Narayanan Neithalath, Jeffrey W. Bullard, Gaurav Sant
Tricalcium silicate stops hydrating at relative humidities (RH) less than 80 %. But the rate at which its hydration rate decreases as a function of the RH has not yet been elucidated. By invoking correspondence between RH and water activity (aH, unitless)

Effect of a micro-copolymer addition on the thermal conductivity of fly ash mortars

November 5, 2015
Author(s)
Alejandro Duran-Herrera, Joana K. Campos-Dimas, P Valdez, Dale P. Bentz
In this study, a copolymer composed of hollow spherical particles with an average particle size of 90 µm was evaluated as a lightweight aggregate in Portland cement-fly ash mortars to improve the thermal conductivity (k) of the composite. Mortars were

Numerical Simulation of Heat and Mass Transport during Hydration of Portland Cement Mortar in Semi-adiabatic and Steam Curing Conditions

October 22, 2015
Author(s)
Emilio Hernandez-Bautista, Dale P. Bentz, Sadoth Sandoval-Torres, Prisciiano Cano Barrita
The mass and heat transport during steam curing of concrete has a bearing on both the mechanical and durability properties. Therefore, it is essential to take into account the temperature evolution and the moisture distribution to prevent premature damage

Microstructural Origins of Cement Paste Degradation by External Sulfate Attack

October 15, 2015
Author(s)
Pan Feng, Edward Garboczi, Pan Feng, Jeffrey W. Bullard
A microstructure model has been applied to simulate near-surface degradation of portland cement paste in contact with a sodium sulfate solution. This new model uses thermodynamic equilibrium calculations to guide both compositional and microstructure

Re-Certification of SRM 2492: Bingham Paste Mixture for Rheological Measurements

August 25, 2015
Author(s)
Chiara C. Ferraris, Alex Olivas, William Guthrie, Blaza Toman
Rheological measurements are often performed using a rotational rheometer. In this type of rheometer, the tested fluid is sheared between two surfaces, one of which is rotating [1]. Usually, an angular velocity is imposed on the fluid (through the rotating

Metrology Needs for Predicting Concrete Pumpability

June 22, 2015
Author(s)
Myoungsung Choi, Chiara C. Ferraris, Nicos Martys, Didier Lootens, Van Bui, Trey Hamilton
With the increasing use of pumping to place concrete, the development and refinement of the industry practice to ensure successful concrete pumping is becoming an important need for the concrete construction industry. To date, research on concrete pumping

Damage Development in Cementitious Materials Exposed to MgCl2 Deicing Salt

June 15, 2015
Author(s)
Yaghoob Farnam, Andrew Wiese, Dale P. Bentz, Jeffrey M. Davis, Jason Weiss
MgCl2 is used in deicing applications due to its capability to depress freezing temperatures to a lower point than other salts like NaCl. The constituents of concrete (i.e., pores solution, calcium hydroxide, aluminate phases, and calcium silicate hydrate

Experimental and Numerical Investigation on the Effect of Cooling/Heating Rate on the Freeze-Thaw Behavior of Mortar Containing Deicing Salt Solution

June 3, 2015
Author(s)
Yaghoob Farnam, Hadi S. Esmaeeli, Dale P. Bentz, Pablo Zavattieri, Jason Weiss
In North America, some concrete pavements and sidewalks have shown severe damage during freezing. Research has been performed to better understand the cause of damage. A test method (called longitudinal guarded comparative calorimeter (LGCC)) has been
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