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David Bishop, Flavio Pardo, Cris Bolle, Randy Giles, Vladimir Aksyuk
Over the last decade or so a group of us, while working at Bell Labs, have been able to develop a large number of silicon micromachines for a wide range of applications. In this article, which is part of a special volume to celebrate the career of
Martin O. Sandberg, Fabio C. da Silva, Kent D. Irwin, David P. Pappas, Sae Woo Nam, David Wisbey, Ben Mazin, Seth Meeker, Jonas Zmuidzinas, Henry G. Leduc
We demonstrate single-photon counting at 1550 nm with titanium-nitride (TiN) microwave kinetic inductancedetectors. Full-width-at-half-maximum energy resolution of 0.4 eV is achieved. 0-, 1-, 2- photon events are resolved and shown to follow Poisson
Yi-hua D. Tang, Vijay Ojha, Stephan Schlamminger, Alain Rufenacht, Charles J. Burroughs, Paul D. Dresselhaus, Samuel P. Benz
The concept of a programmable Josephson voltage standard was first proposed in 1997. Since then a significant amount of research and development work has been devoted to the fabrication of the programmable Josephson junction array and its deployment in a
Greg Stiehl, W.Bertrand (Randy) Doriese, Gene C. Hilton, Kent D. Irwin, Carl D. Reintsema, Dan Schmidt, Daniel Swetz, Joel Ullom, Leila R. Vale, Joseph Fowler
We demonstrate the code-division multiplexing (CDM) readout of eight transition-edge sensor microcalorimeters. The energy resolution is 3.0 eV (full width at half-maximum) or better at 5.9 keV, with a best resolution of 2.3 eV and a mean of 2.6 eV over the
Kent D. Irwin, Hsiao-Mei Cho, William B. Doriese, Joseph W. Fowler, Gene C. Hilton, Michael D. Niemack, Carl D. Reintsema, Daniel R. Schmidt, Joel N. Ullom, Leila R. Vale
Multiplexers based on the modulation of superconducting quantum interference devices are now regularly used in multi-kilopixel arrays of superconducting detectors for astrophysics, cosmology, and materials analysis. Over the next decade, much larger arrays
More than a decade of research and development was required to practically exploit the quantum behavior of superconducting Josephson junctions for ac applications. Sine waves and arbitrary waveforms had to be synthesized with sufficiently large voltage
The uniaxial strain dependence of the critical current was measured both in tension and compression in Bi-2212 high-temperature superconducting round wires. We observed that permanent damage to the critical current can easily occur due to strain. To
Piotr S. Filipski, M. Boecker, Samuel Benz, Charles J. Burroughs
National Research Council Canada (NRC) recently established an AC Josephson Voltage Standard system based on NIST pulse-driven Josephson junction arrays. This paper describes the efforts undertaken at NRC and the experience that was gained. An experimental
Jolene D. Splett, Dominic F. Vecchia, Loren F. Goodrich
We compare methods for estimating the residual resistivity ratio (RRR) of high-purity niobium samples and investigate the effects of using different functional models on the final value. RRR is typically defined as the ratio of the electrical resistances
Robert E. Schwall, David Zilz, Jeffrey Power, Charles J. Burroughs, Paul D. Dresselhaus, Samuel P. Benz
Cryogen-free operation is rapidly becoming the preferred implementation of programmable Josephson voltage standard (PJVS) systems. There are strong operational incentives for using the smallest possible cryocooler in order to minimize acoustic noise
Charles J. Burroughs, Paul Dresselhaus, Alain Rufenacht, David I. Olaya, Mike Elsbury, Yi-hua D. Tang, Samuel Benz
NIST has developed and implemented a new Programmable Josephson Voltage Standard (PJVS) that operates at 10 V. This next-generation system is optimized for both dc metrology and stepwise-approximated ac voltage measurements for frequencies up to a few
Jifeng Qu, Samuel Benz, Alessio Pollarolo, Horst Rogalla
NIST has developed a quantum voltage noise source (QVNS) calibrated Johnson noise thermometer (JNT) to provide a new electronic measurement technique for determining the Boltzmann constant. Improvements in electronics and synthesized noise waveforms have
Alessio Pollarolo, Chiharu Urano, Paul Dresselhaus, Jifeng Qu, Horst Rogalla, Samuel Benz
Long integration time is necessary to reach low uncertainty when measuring temperature through Johnson Noise Thermometry (JNT). The main goal of the NIST JNT experiment is to achieve a 6×10-6 relative uncertainty in the measurement of the water triple