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Buildings & Construction

Building materials

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Displaying 251 - 275 of 486

Modeling Cement Hydration Kinetics Using the Equivalent Age Concept

March 29, 2012
Author(s)
Xueyu Pang, Dale P. Bentz, Christian Meyer
In this study the hydration kinetics of four different types of cements during early ages were investigated by both chemical shrinkage and isothermal calorimetry tests. Chemical shrinkage tests were performed at both different temperatures and pressures

Flexible polyurethane foam with well characterized and reproducible smoldering

March 24, 2012
Author(s)
Mauro Zammarano, Szabolcs Matko, Rick D. Davis, Roland H. Kraemer
Smoldering is a self-sustaining heterogeneous oxidation reaction that induces a slow, low temperature, flameless combustion.1 Flexible polyurethane foams (PUF) are particularly prone to smoldering due to their high air permeability and low density. In this

Transitory Temperatures of Organic-Film Coated Specimens under Outdoor Exposure

March 2, 2012
Author(s)
William C. Thomas, Christopher C. White, Walter E. Byrd
A mathematical model is presented and validated for predicting the temperature of thin polymeric films bonded to substrate materials. The National Institute of Standards and Technology provided specimen temperature and simultaneous weather data for tests

Internal Curing - Constructing More Robust Concrete

January 19, 2012
Author(s)
Jason Weiss, Dale P. Bentz, Anton Schlinder, Pietro Lura
It is often said that there are two types of concrete: concrete that has cracked and concrete that is going to crack. Unfortunately, this is true all too frequently. Many of these unwanted cracks develop shortly after the concrete is placed and in addition

Analysis of Early-Age Bridge Deck Cracking in Nevada and Wyoming

January 17, 2012
Author(s)
Dale P. Bentz, Paul E. Stutzman, Aaron R. Sakulich, William J. Weiss
In late 2009, the Echo Wash and Valley of Fire bridge decks were constructed in the Lake Mead National Recreation area in Nevada. Within six months, in early 2010, both decks exhibited considerable transverse cracking, with some cracks extending through

Fine Limestone Additions to Regulate Setting in High Volume Fly Ash Mixtures

January 2, 2012
Author(s)
Dale P. Bentz, Taijiro Sato, Igor de la Varga, Jason Weiss
High volume fly ash (HVFA) concrete mixtures are being considered more frequently due to their cost and sustainability advantages. While the long term performance of these HVFA concretes typically meets or exceeds that of conventional concretes, their

Thermal Properties and Thermal Modeling of Ballistic Clay Box

December 30, 2011
Author(s)
Dale P. Bentz, Amanda L. Forster, Kirk D. Rice, Michael A. Riley
A critical component of hard and soft body armor testing is the utilization of a clay block behind the component being evaluated. One of the performance metrics used to evaluate products is the penetration depth into the clay of an indentation produced by

Service Life Prediction for Sealants

September 29, 2011
Author(s)
Christopher C. White, Donald L. Hunston, Kar T. Tan, James J. Filliben
Previous industry consensus postulated that four elements of the weather: Temperature, Humidity, Ultraviolet Radiation, and Mechanical loading were responsible for the majority of the changes observed in sealants exposed to outdoor weathering. The NIST
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