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Displaying 351 - 375 of 7680

Enhancing Egress Drills: Preparation and Assessment of Evacuee Performance

July 11, 2017

Author(s)

Steve Gwynne, Erica D. Kuligowski, Karen E. Boyce, Daniel Nilsson, Amanda Robbins, Ruggiero Lovreglio, J.R. Thomas, A. Roy-Poirier

This article explores how egress drills - specifically those related to fire incidents - are currently employed, their impact on safety levels, and the insights gained from them. It is suggested that neither the merits of egress drills are well understood

The Dependence of Water Heater Energy Factor on Deviations from Nominal Test Conditions

July 1, 2017

Author(s)

William M. Healy

An analytical study is carried out to assess the impact of corrections to nominal test conditions on the measured energy factor for residential water heaters. While test conditions are specfiied in the method of test, the difficuly in exactly achieiving

Flame Inhibition by Potassium-Containing Compounds

June 30, 2017

Author(s)

Valeri I. Babushok, Gregory T. Linteris, Pol Hoorelbeke

A kinetic model of inhibition by the potassium containing compound potassium bicarbonate is suggested. The model is based on the previous work concerning kinetic studies of suppression of secondary flashes, inhibition by alkali metals and the studies of

Measured Carbon Monoxide Concentrations from Stock and Reduced- Emission Prototype Portable Generators Operated in an Attached Garage

June 16, 2017

Author(s)

Steven Emmerich, Leon Wang

There is concern about the hazard of acute residential CO exposures from portable gasoline powered generators that can result in death or serious adverse health effects in exposed individuals. The U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission subsequently

Refrigerant Performance Evaluation Including Effects of Transport Properties and Optimized Heat Exchangers

May 19, 2017

Author(s)

Riccardo Brignoli, J S. Brown, Harrison Skye, Piotr A. Domanski

The prevalent practice for preliminary refrigerant screening relies on using cycle simulation models involving thermodynamic properties alone. This approach has two shortcomings. First, it neglects transport properties, whose influence on system

Modeling flame extinction and reignition in large eddy simulations with fast chemistry

May 16, 2017

Author(s)

James White, Sebastien Vilfayeau, Andre Marshall, Arnaud Trouve, Randall McDermott

This work seeks to support the validation of large eddy simulation (LES) models used to simulate the response of fires to the activation of a suppression system. The emphasis in the present study is on the prediction of flame weakening and extinction when

Numerical Analysis of the Influence of Low Frequency Vibration on Bubble Growth

May 2, 2017

Author(s)

Dong Han, Mark A. Kedzierski

Numerical simulation of bubble growth during pool boiling under the influence of low frequency vibration was done to understand the influence of common vibrations such as those induced by wind, highway transportation, and nearby mechanical devices on the

Numerical Modeling and Analysis of Heat Transfer in Composite Slabs with Profiled Steel Decking

April 25, 2017

Author(s)

Jian Jiang, Joseph A. Main, Fahim Sadek, Jonathan M. Weigand

This report presents detailed and reduced-order finite element modeling of heat transfer in composite floor slabs with profiled steel decking. The detailed modeling approach uses solid elements for the concrete slab and shell elements for the steel decking

Perspectives of Occupants with Mobility Impairments on Elevators for Evacuation during Fire Emergencies

April 24, 2017

Author(s)

Kathryn Butler, Erica D. Kuligowski, Susanne M. Furman, Richard Peacock

Since the tragic loss of life in the World Trade Center disaster, efforts have refocused on the provision of safe and efficient evacuation procedures, especially for occupants who cannot negotiate exit stairs without assistance. Several evacuation options

LOW-GWP REFRIGERANTS: PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT AND SELECTION TRADEOFFS

April 23, 2017

Author(s)

Piotr A. Domanski, Riccardo Brignoli, J S. Brown, Andrei F. Kazakov, Mark O. McLinden

The merits of an alternative refrigerant are established based on many attributes including environmental acceptance, chemical stability in the refrigeration system, low toxicity, flammability, efficiency and volumetric capacity. In an earlier work, these

Human Response to Emergency Communication: Guidance on alerts and warning messages for emergencies in buildings

April 3, 2017

Author(s)

Hidemi Omori, Erica D. Kuligowski, Steve Gwynne, Kathryn Butler

The purpose of this article is to provide guidance on enhancing human response to emergency communication. This guidance can, in turn, help engineers improve the design of emergency notification and messaging systems, which, as a result, can help inform

Literature review on field study of ventilation and indoor air quality performance verification in high- performance commercial buildings in North America

March 31, 2017

Author(s)

Steven Emmerich, Kevin Y. Teichman, Andrew K. Persily

In this paper, we summarize the results of field studies to evaluate the ventilation and indoor air quality (IAQ) performance in high-performance commercial (non-industrial, non-residential) buildings in North America. We show that the number of such

PLANETARY BOUNDARY LAYER MODELING AND STANDARD PROVISIONS FOR TALL BUILDING DESIGN

March 31, 2017

Author(s)

Emil Simiu, N. Alan Heckert, DongHun Yeo

According to recent results of Planetary Boundary Layer research relevant to tall building design, for elevations of up to at least 1 km: (i) the longitudinal mean wind speeds are monotonically increasing with height, and (ii) veering angles are negligible

IFC File Analyzer Software

March 30, 2017

Author(s)

Robert R. Lipman

The IFC File Analyzer software generates a spreadsheet or CSV files from an IFC file. IFC (Industry Foundation Classes) is the data exchange standard used to facilitate interoperability in the building and construction industry. IFC is developed by

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