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Buildings & Construction

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Displaying 26 - 50 of 3876

Ozone generation and chemistry from 222 nm germicidal ultraviolet light in a fragrant restroom

May 20, 2024
Author(s)
Michael F. Link, Rileigh Robertson, Andrew Shore, Behrang Hamadani, Christina Cecelski, Dustin Poppendieck
Devices using 222 nm germicidal ultraviolet light (GUV222) have been marketed to reduce virus transmission indoors with low risk of occupant harm from direct UV exposure. GUV222 generates ozone, an indoor air pollutant and oxidant, under constrained

The role of indoor surface pH in controlling the fate of acids and bases in an unoccupied residence

February 26, 2024
Author(s)
Jenna Ditto, Marc Webb, Han Huynh, Jie Yu, Glenn Morrison, Barbara Turpin, Michael Alves, Kathryn Mayer, Michael Link, Allen Goldstein, Dustin Poppendieck, Marina Vance, Delphine Farmer, Arthur Chan, Jonathan Abbatt
The chemical composition of indoor air is strongly driven by the composition and properties of indoor surfaces. At the Chemical Assessments of Surfaces and Air (CASA) campaign, we performed controlled additions of ammonia (reaching up to 297 ppb to 662 ppb

Advancements in Computational Wind Engineering Workshop Report

December 13, 2023
Author(s)
Donald Scott, Jennifer Goupil, Melissa Burton, Catherine Gorle, Ahsan Kareem, Ted Stathopoulos, Bradley Young
In September 2022, the Structural Engineering Institute of the American Society of Civil Engineers commenced a project under National Institute of Standards and Technology Contract No. 133ND22PNB730391 to develop workshops on Advancement in Computational

The persistence of smoke VOCs indoors: partitioning, surface cleaning, and air cleaning in a smoke-contaminated house

October 13, 2023
Author(s)
Jienan Li, Michael F. Link, Shubhrangshu Pandit, Marc Webb, Cholaphan Deeleepojananan, Kathryn Mayer, Lauren Garofalo, Katelyn Rediger, Dustin Poppendieck, Stephen Zimmerman, Marina Vance, Vicki Grassian, Glenn Morrison, Barbara Turpin, Delphine Farmer
Wildfires are increasing in frequency, raising concerns that smoke can permeate indoor environments and expose people to chemical air contaminants. To study smoke transformations in indoor environments and evaluate mitigation strategies, we added smoke to

Mechanical Ventilation in a Residential Building Brings Outdoor NOx Indoors with Limited Implications for VOC Oxidation from NO3 Radicals

October 10, 2023
Author(s)
Michael F. Link, Jienan Li, Jenna Ditto, Han Huynh, Jie Yu, Stephen Zimmerman, Andrew Shore, Katelyn Rediger, Jonathan Abbatt, Lauren Garofalo, Delphine Farmer, Dustin Poppendieck
Energy-efficient residential building standards require the use of mechanical ventilation systems that replace indoor air with air from the outdoors. Transient outdoor pollution events can be transported indoors via the mechanical ventilation system, and

Report on High Energy Arcing Fault Experiments: Experimental Results from Medium-Voltage Bus Duct and Switchgear Enclosures

September 15, 2023
Author(s)
Gabriel Taylor, Anthony D. Putorti Jr., Scott Bareham, Christopher U. Brown, Wai Cheong Tam, Ryan Falkenstein-Smith, Stephen Fink, Michael Heck, Edward Hnetkovsky, Nicholas Melly, Kenneth Hamburger, Kenneth Miller
This report documents an experimental program designed to investigate high energy arcing fault (HEAF) phenomena for medium-voltage, metal-enclosed bus ducts and switchgear. This report covers full-scale laboratory experiments using representative nuclear

National Institute of Standards and Technology Environmental Scan 2023: Societal and Technology Landscape to Inform Science and Technology Research

August 23, 2023
Author(s)
Ashley Russell, Kerrianne Buchanan, David Griffith, Heather Evans, Dimitrios Meritis, Lisa Ng, Anna Sberegaeva, Michelle Stephens
The 2023 National Institute of Standards and Technology Environmental Scan provides an analysis of key external factors that could impact NIST and the fulfillment of its mission in coming years. The analyses were conducted through three separate lenses

ASCE/SEI 41 Assessment of Reinforced Concrete Buildings: Comparison of the Nonlinear Dynamic Procedure with Other Evaluation Methods

May 22, 2023
Author(s)
Andrew Sen, Dustin Cook, ABBIE LIEL, Tarbin Basnet, Russell Berkowitz, Ariel Creagh, Wassim Ghannoum, Ayse Hortacsu, Insung Kim, Hamid Koodiani, Dawn Lehman, Laura Lowes, Adolfo Matamoros, Farzad Naeim, Siamak Sattar, Rob Smith
The U.S. consensus standard for seismic evaluation and retrofit of existing buildings, ASCE/SEI 41, establishes provisions for seismic analysis procedures that vary in complexity and fidelity. Although ASCE/SEI 41 provides detailed nonlinear dynamic

Effect of Alkali-Silica Reaction on the Flexural Behavior of Beams with Tensile Lap Splices

March 31, 2023
Author(s)
Long Phan, Jonathan Weigand, Fahim H. Sadek, Adam L. Pintar, Sorin Marcu, Travis Thonstad, Timothy Barrett
A series of 19 beam specimens, with varying stirrup spacing and tensile lap splice lengths, were tested at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) under four-point loading to investigate the impact of alkali silica reaction (ASR) on the

Modelling Study of Interactions of Ozone and Hydrogen Peroxide on Indoor Surfaces

March 15, 2023
Author(s)
Dustin Poppendieck, Toby J. Carter, David Shaw, Nicola Carslaw
In recent decades, the role of the indoor microenvironment in our exposure to air pollutants has become clearer. Indoor air pollutants are emitted from common household items, including building materials and furnishings, and can then undergo chemical

Workshop on Incorporating Climate Change Data in U.S. Building Codes and Standards

March 8, 2023
Author(s)
Jason D. Averill, Therese P. McAllister, Andrew K. Persily, Scott Weaver, James Whetstone, Jiann C. Yang, Michael Kuperberg, Sumant Nigam, Alfredo Ruiz-Barradas
NIST hosted a workshop to advance the availability of climate information sought by organizations developing standards, model building codes, and voluntary certifications by convening interactions between the building codes and climate science communities.

Simulation of Residential CO Exposures from Portable Generators with and without CO Hazard Mitigation Systems Meeting Requirements of Voluntary Standards, Revision 1

December 28, 2022
Author(s)
Steven Emmerich, Brian Polidoro, Matthew Hnatov, Janet Buyer, Matthew Brookman
This report documents work performed by the U.S. National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC or Commission) under an interagency agreement in support of the Commission's effort to address the

The Impact of Nonstructural Damage on Building Function

December 7, 2022
Author(s)
Dustin Cook, Siamak Sattar
To reduce the impacts of disasters on communities, recent initiatives have focused on improving the performance of the building stock by designing for limited damage and downtime. Through these initiatives, researchers and engineers have highlighted the

FIRE RESILIENCE OF STEEL-CONCRETE COMPOSITE FLOOR SYSTEMS

November 30, 2022
Author(s)
Selvarajah Ramesh, Lisa Choe, Matthew Hoehler, Matthew Bundy
This paper presents the results of compartment fire experiments conducted on 9.1 m × 6.1 m steel-concrete composite floors in a full-scale, two-story, two-bays by three-bays steel gravity frame building to investigate the fire resilience of these widely

Effects of Modeling Decisions on the Lateral Performance of Cold-Formed Steel Framed Walls

October 17, 2022
Author(s)
Zhidong Zhang, Matthew Speicher, Amanpreet Singh, Tara Hutchinson, Benjamin Schafer
This study proposes a modeling protocol for the lateral performance of cold-formed steel (CFS) framed wall-lines that contain both steel sheet sheathed shear walls as well as gravity walls and may include the impact of non-structural finish on these wall
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