Calm, J.
and Domanski, P.
(2008),
R-22 Replacement Status (in Russian), Journal of St. Petersburg State Academy of Refrigerating and Food Technologies, [online], https://tsapps.nist.gov/publication/get_pdf.cfm?pub_id=861566 (Accessed April 29, 2026)
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R-22 Replacement Status (in Russian)
Published
Author(s)
J M. Calm,
Abstract
Since its initial recognition in 1928 and commercialization in 1936, R-22 has been applied in systems ranging from the smallest window air conditioners to the largest chillers and heat pumps, including those for district cooling and heating. Individual equipment using this versatile refrigerant ranges from 2 kW to 33 MW (0.5 to 9,500 tons) in cooling capacity. R-22 use includes equipment with rotary-rolling-piston, reciprocating-piston, scroll, screw, and centrifugal compressors and experimentally, absorption cycles. No other refrigerant has achieved such a wide range of commercial capacities or applications.Citation
Journal of St. Petersburg State Academy of Refrigerating and Food Technologies
Volume
ISSN 1995-2724
Issue
2008 (1)
Pub Type
Journals
Download Paper
Keywords
R-22, refrigerants
Citation
Issues
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Created June 24, 2008, Updated October 12, 2021