A mechanistically relevant cytotoxicity assay based on the detection of cellular GFP

Published

August 1, 2009

Author(s)

Michael W. Halter, Jamie L. Almeida, Alessandro Tona, Kenneth D. Cole, Anne L. Plant, John T. Elliott

Abstract

Cell-based assays for measuring ribosome inhibition by proteins such as the plant toxin ricin are important for characterizing decontamination strategies and developing detection technologies for field use. We report here an assay for ricin that provides a response that is relevant to the mechanism of ricin activity and permits a much faster readout than commonly used assays for cytotoxicity. The assay relies on the response of an engineered reporter cell line that was produced by stably transfecting Vero cells to express green fluorescent protein (GFP) under the control of a cytomegalovirus (CMV) promoter. The results of the GFP-based assay were compared with assay results from three commercially available cytotoxicity assays. The GFP assay reports a sensitive response to ricin after 6 hours of treatment while the other assays require a 24 h incubation. Unlike the other assays, monitoring cellular GFP on a per-cell basis allows detection of reduced ribosome activity before significant cell death occurs, and the results are not convoluted by the numbers of cells being assayed.

Citation

ASSAY and Drug Development Technologies

Volume

7

Issue

4

Pub Type

Journals

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Citation

Halter, M. , Almeida, J. , Tona, A. , Cole, K. , Plant, A. and Elliott, J. (2009), A mechanistically relevant cytotoxicity assay based on the detection of cellular GFP, ASSAY and Drug Development Technologies, [online], https://tsapps.nist.gov/publication/get_pdf.cfm?pub_id=901347 (Accessed October 2, 2025)