Domanski, P.
and Yana Motta, S.
(2022),
Low-GWP Refrigerants: Status and Outlook, Informatory Note of the Int. Institute of Refrigeration, [online], https://tsapps.nist.gov/publication/get_pdf.cfm?pub_id=933607
(Accessed October 12, 2025)
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Low-GWP Refrigerants: Status and Outlook
Published
Author(s)
, Samuel Yana Motta
Abstract
The refrigeration and air-conditioning industry is undergoing a transition to refrigerants having a low global warming potential (GWP). This action is in response to concerns about climate change and national, regional, and international regulations restricting the use hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) refrigerants, which are potent greenhouse gases. The paper discusses the evolution of refrigerants applications, refrigerant selection criteria, and presents the performance potential of the strongest low-GWP contenders in eight prominent applications based on semi-theoretical simulation using the NIST advanced cycle simulation model CYCLE_D-HX. The low-GWP refrigerant options vary for different applications and are particularly limited for stationary air conditioning and commercial refrigeration systems.Citation
Informatory Note of the Int. Institute of Refrigeration
Pub Type
Others
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Keywords
air conditioning, climate change, global warming potential, refrigerants, refrigeration
Citation
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Created June 1, 2022, Updated June 25, 2025