NOTICE: Due to a lapse in annual appropriations, most of this website is not being updated. Learn more.
Form submissions will still be accepted but will not receive responses at this time. Sections of this site for programs using non-appropriated funds (such as NVLAP) or those that are excepted from the shutdown (such as CHIPS and NVD) will continue to be updated.
An official website of the United States government
Here’s how you know
Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.
Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock (
) or https:// means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.
Samuel L. Manzello, Thomas G. Cleary, John R. Shields, Jiann C. Yang
Abstract
An experimental apparatus has been built to investigate the ignition of fuel beds as a result of impact with burning firebrands. The apparatus allowed for the ignition and deposition of both single and multiple firebrands onto the target fuel bed. The moisture content of the fuel beds used was varied and the test fuels considered were pine needle beds. Firebrands were simulated by machining wood into small disks of uniform geometry and the size of the disks was varied. The firebrand ignition apparatus was installed into the Fire Emulator/Detector Evaluator (FE/DE) to invetigate the influence of an air flow on the ignition propensity of fuel beds. Results of this study are presented and compared to relevant studies in the literature.
Proceedings Title
EastFIRE Conference. Proceedings. EastFIRE Session 3B-2. May 11-13, 2005
Manzello, S.
, Cleary, T.
, Shields, J.
and Yang, J.
(2005),
On the Ignition of Fuel Beds by Firebrands., EastFIRE Conference. Proceedings. EastFIRE Session 3B-2. May 11-13, 2005 , Fairfax, VA, [online], https://tsapps.nist.gov/publication/get_pdf.cfm?pub_id=101210
(Accessed October 14, 2025)