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Hydrodynamic chromatography (HDC) has experienced a resurgence in recent years for particle and polymer characterization due, principally, to its coupling to a multiplicity of physical detection methods. Coupled to light scattering (both multi-angle static and quasi-elastic), viscometric, and refractometric detectors, HDC has the ability to determine the molar mass, size, shape, and structure of colloidal analytes continuously and as a function of one another, all in a single analysis and exposing the analytes to less shear forces (hence, less potential for flow-induced degradation) than in e.g., size-exclusion chromatography. Here, the fundamental chromatographic underpinnings of the technique are reviewed in terms of retention, band broadening, and resolution, and the power of multi-detector HDC is showcased using examples from the recent literature.