A Fully Registered In-Situ and Ex-Situ Dataset for Metal Powder Bed Fusion Additive Manufacturing: Data Processing, Feature Extraction, Registration, and Uncertainties

Published

May 8, 2025

Author(s)

Zhuo Yang, Yan Lu, Ho Yeung, Brandon Lane, Nicole Van Handel

Abstract

This document details the data registration process for the previously published datasets from Additive Manufacturing Metrology Testbed (AMMT) parts, "Overhang Part X4," generated at the National Institute of Standards and Technology. The two datasets —one for process monitoring and the other for XCT inspection—covering four overhang parts, along with their descriptions were published in 2020. The published data have been well-received by the community, advancing the understanding of laser powder bed fusion additive manufacturing (AM). In the last four years, the NIST team encountered numerous questions regarding the published datasets, as the raw data were not easily interpretable for mining process-structure relationships. To support a wider range of research efforts across multiple disciplines, the NIST team conducted additional data analysis, resulting in a fully registered and well-documented dataset for publication. This document provides a detailed overview of the data processing pipeline and the multi-modal data registration techniques employed, including preprocessing, feature extraction, and data alignment. The final registered dataset consists solely of numerical values, fully aligned with the machine coordinate system. Key features of the registered data include process parameters, laser power, in-situ melt pool characteristics, in-situ layerwise optical intensity, and ex-situ XCT voxel values. Additionally, this document provides uncertainty analysis for each feature to help users better select data for their applications and evaluate their results. It can also serve as a framework for processing similar datasets collected on the same testbed in future research.

Citation

Advanced Manufacturing Series (NIST AMS) - 100-69

Report Number

100-69

NIST Pub Series

Advanced Manufacturing Series (NIST AMS)

Pub Type

NIST Pubs

Download Paper

https://doi.org/10.6028/NIST.AMS.100-69

Local Download

Keywords

additive manufacturing, powder bed fusion, data registration, uncertainty

Citation

Yang, Z. , Lu, Y. , Yeung, H. , Lane, B. and Van Handel, N. (2025), A Fully Registered In-Situ and Ex-Situ Dataset for Metal Powder Bed Fusion Additive Manufacturing: Data Processing, Feature Extraction, Registration, and Uncertainties, Advanced Manufacturing Series (NIST AMS), National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, [online], https://doi.org/10.6028/NIST.AMS.100-69, https://tsapps.nist.gov/publication/get_pdf.cfm?pub_id=959630 (Accessed May 11, 2025)