NOTICE: Due to a lapse in annual appropriations, most of this website is not being updated. Learn more.

Form submissions will still be accepted but will not receive responses at this time. Sections of this site for programs using non-appropriated funds (such as NVLAP) or those that are excepted from the shutdown (such as CHIPS and NVD) will continue to be updated.

U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

PUBLICATIONS

CTOA Results for X65 and X100 Pipeline Steels:Influence of Displacement Rate

Published

Author(s)

Roni Reuven, Christopher N. McCowan, Elizabeth S. Drexler, Avigdor Shtechman, Philippe P. Darcis, John M. Treinen, R. Smith, J. Merritt, Thomas A. Siewert, Joseph D. McColskey

Abstract

The toughness and plasticity of steel generally decreases with increasing testing rate. The crack tip opening angle (CTOA) was measured on two types of commercial pipeline steels, API-X65 and API-X100 at a range of displacement rates to characterize rate effects. The testing was conducted at quasi-static and dynamic rates. The crosshead displacements in our test matrix ranged from approximately 0.002 mm/s in the quasi-static mode to 8 m/s in the dynamic mode. The quasi-static tests were conducted in a servo-hydraulic uniaxial test machine using Modified Double Cantilever Beam (MDCB) specimens. The dynamic experiments were made using the same type of specimen and a spring (Belleville) setup on a similar servo-hydraulic uniaxial test machine. The results of these tests indicate that rate effects have minor influence on the CTOA values measured for these materials. The CTOA values measured for the two materials show a small, but convincing differance. The resistance to fracture was found to be higher for the X65 steel. This paper presents results on the influence of displacement rates from quasi-static to dynamic for the X65 and X100 pipeline steels, as well as discussing optimizing the method for CTOA data reduction.
Proceedings Title
Proceedings of the IPC2008: 7th International Pipeline Conference
Conference Dates
September 29-October 3, 2008
Conference Location
Calgary, CA
Conference Title
IPC 2008
Pub Type
Conferences

Download Paper

Local Download

Keywords

crack growth velocity, crack tip opening angle, CTOA, pipeline, rate, steel, X65, X100
Materials

Citation

Reuven, R. , McCowan, C. , Drexler, E. , Shtechman, A. , Darcis, P. , Treinen, J. , Smith, R. , Merritt, J. , Siewert, T. and McColskey, J. (2008), CTOA Results for X65 and X100 Pipeline Steels:Influence of Displacement Rate, Proceedings of the IPC2008: 7th International Pipeline Conference, Calgary, CA, [online], https://tsapps.nist.gov/publication/get_pdf.cfm?pub_id=854079 (Accessed October 24, 2025)

Issues

If you have any questions about this publication or are having problems accessing it, please contact [email protected].

Created August 1, 2008, Updated February 19, 2017
Was this page helpful?