Manganese-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Microscopy of Mineralization

Published

October 12, 2021

Author(s)

I Chesnick, T Todorov, J M. Centeno, Dale Newbury, John A. Small, K Potter

Abstract

Paramagnetic manganese (II) can be employed as a calcium surrogate to enhance the sensitivity of the magnetic resonance microscopy (MRM) technique to the processing of calcium during the bone formation process. At high doses, osteoblasts can take up sufficient quantities of manganese to cause marked changes in the water proton T1, T2, and MTR values compared to untreated cells. Accordingly, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) results confirm that the manganese content of treated cell pellets was 10-fold higher than for untreated cell pellets. To establish that manganese is processed like calcium and deposited as bone, calvaria from the skull of embryonic chicks were grown in culture medium supplemented with 1mM MnCl2 and 3mM CaCl2. A banding pattern of high and low T2 values, consistent with mineral deposits with high and low levels of manganese, was observed radiating out from the calvarial ridge. The results of ICP-MS studies confirm that Mn-treated calvaria take up increasing amounts of manganese with time in culture. Finally, elemental mapping studies with electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) confirmed the local variation in the manganese content of newly deposited bone on the calvarial surface. This is the first reported use of manganese-enhanced MRM to study the process whereby calcium is taken up by osteoblasts cells and deposited as bone.

Citation

Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Pub Type

Journals

Keywords

calvaria, electron probe microanalysis, magnetic resonance microscopy, manganese, mineralization, osteoblasts, mineralization, calvaria

Citation

Chesnick, I. , Todorov, T. , Centeno, J. , Newbury, D. , Small, J. and Potter, K. (2021), Manganese-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Microscopy of Mineralization, Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (Accessed October 8, 2025)