NOTICE: Due to a lapse in annual appropriations, most of this website is not being updated. Learn more.
Form submissions will still be accepted but will not receive responses at this time. Sections of this site for programs using non-appropriated funds (such as NVLAP) or those that are excepted from the shutdown (such as CHIPS and NVD) will continue to be updated.
An official website of the United States government
Here’s how you know
Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.
Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock (
) or https:// means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.
Explanation of (hhl)f Habit Planes in Ferrous Alloys
Published
Author(s)
H M. Ledbetter, Martin Dunn
Abstract
We give a possible explanation of the remarkable habit-plane measurements reported by Kajiwara for Fe-Ni-Mn alloys. Examining small, thin (early-stage), martensite plates, Kajiwara found that all habit-plane normals fall on the (hhl)f line, spanning about 25 degrees from approximately (114)f to (223)f. Despite numerous suggested modifications, the crystallographic theories of Wechsler-Lieberman-Read and Bowles-Mackenzie fail to predict habit planes on the (hhl)f line, let alone variations along the line. Kajiwara invoked Suzuki's prism-matching theory, which contains an anisotropic interface distortion, an adjustable parameter contrary to more recent measurements. Our explanation arises from another, more general approach: inclusion theory, which includes crystallographic-theory predictions as the zero-elastic-strain-energy limit.
Citation
Explanation of (hhl)<sub>f</sub> Habit Planes in Ferrous Alloys
Ledbetter, H.
and Dunn, M.
(2008),
Explanation of (hhl)<sub>f</sub> Habit Planes in Ferrous Alloys, Explanation of (hhl)<sub>f</sub> Habit Planes in Ferrous Alloys
(Accessed October 9, 2025)