NOTICE: Due to a lapse in annual appropriations, most of this website is not being updated. Learn more.
Form submissions will still be accepted but will not receive responses at this time. Sections of this site for programs using non-appropriated funds (such as NVLAP) or those that are excepted from the shutdown (such as CHIPS and NVD) will continue to be updated.
An official website of the United States government
Here’s how you know
Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.
Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock (
) or https:// means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.
High Frequency and Broadband Signal Measurements by Ultrafast Opto-Microwave Intermixing and Sampling
Published
Author(s)
W. L. Cao, M. Du, C G. Lee, Nicholas Paulter
Abstract
Low frequency replication (600 kHz to 18 MHz) of a high frequency waveform (1 GHz to 30 GHz) was achieved using a photoconductive-based optical-microwave (OM) sampler. This OM sampler performs better than a 20 GHz digitizing sampling oscilloscope and is also superior to the standard pump and probe systems with orders of magnitude improvement in data acquisition rate.
Proceedings Title
Intl. Topical Meeting on Microwave Photonics MWP 2000, spon. Inst. of Electrical Engrs. (UK)
Cao, W.
, Du, M.
, Lee, C.
and Paulter, N.
(2000),
High Frequency and Broadband Signal Measurements by Ultrafast Opto-Microwave Intermixing and Sampling, Intl. Topical Meeting on Microwave Photonics MWP 2000, spon. Inst. of Electrical Engrs. (UK), Oxford, 1, UK, [online], https://tsapps.nist.gov/publication/get_pdf.cfm?pub_id=2865
(Accessed October 23, 2025)