Improved Thermal Stability of Organically Modified Layered Silicates

Published

April 1, 2004

Author(s)

Rick D. Davis, Jeffrey W. Gilman, T E. Sutto, J H. Callahan, Paul C. Trulove, Hugh C. De Long

Abstract

Bromide containing impurities were found to decrease the thermal stability of quaternary alkyl ammonium modified layered silicates. Improved purification procedures completely removed these bromide anions and led to a 20 C to > 100 C increase in organic modified layered silicate thermal stability. Using mass spectroscopy, thermal, and electrochemical analysis, N,N-dimethyl-N,N-dioctadecyl quaternary ammonium modified montmorillonite and fluorinated synthetic mica were found to degrade primarily through elimination and nucleophilic attack by these anions. The nature of residual bromides was identified quantified, and the efficiency of removing these anions was determined to be solvent dependent; sequential extraction, first ethanol then tetrahydrofuran, gave the best results. This exhaustive extraction method represents a viable alternative to the use of expensive, more thermally stable oniumion treatments for layered silicates.

Citation

Additives

Volume

52

Issue

2

Pub Type

Journals

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Keywords

alkyl ammonium, montmorillonite, nanocomposites, organic modifier degradation, organoclay, quaternary alkyl ammonium, synthetic mica

Citation

Davis, R. , Gilman, J. , Sutto, T. , Callahan, J. , Trulove, P. and De, H. (2004), Improved Thermal Stability of Organically Modified Layered Silicates, Additives, [online], https://tsapps.nist.gov/publication/get_pdf.cfm?pub_id=861245 (Accessed October 28, 2025)