NOTICE: Due to a lapse in annual appropriations, most of this website is not being updated. Learn more.
Form submissions will still be accepted but will not receive responses at this time. Sections of this site for programs using non-appropriated funds (such as NVLAP) or those that are excepted from the shutdown (such as CHIPS and NVD) will continue to be updated.
An official website of the United States government
Here’s how you know
Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.
Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock (
) or https:// means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.
Reconstruction of the Thermal Environment in the Tall World Trade Center Buildings
Published
Author(s)
Richard G. Gann, Anthony P. Hamins, Kevin B. McGrattan, Thomas J. Ohlemiller, Kuldeep R. Prasad, William M. Pitts, Harold E. Nelson
Abstract
The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) conducted an extensive investigation of the collapse of the three tall World Trade Center (WTC) buildings. This paper describes the reconstruction of the fires, the thermal environment they created within the buildings, and the raising of the temperatures of the structural components.
Citation
Fire Technology
Pub Type
Journals
Keywords
Fire, fire modeling, fire model validation, fire tests, fire safety, World Trade Center
Gann, R.
, Hamins, A.
, McGrattan, K.
, Ohlemiller, T.
, Prasad, K.
, Pitts, W.
and Nelson, H.
(2013),
Reconstruction of the Thermal Environment in the Tall World Trade Center Buildings, Fire Technology
(Accessed October 14, 2025)