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Specular gloss is the attribute of an object that causes it to have a shiny or lustrous appearance, and is commonly used to quantitatively evaluate appearance. Measurements of the specular gloss of an object are made by comparing the specular luminous reflectance of the object to that of a primary standard. The National Institute of Standards and Technology has recently developed a new specular gloss primary standard and refurbished a reference goniophotometer for specular gloss measurements. The relevant characteristics of the new primary standard are presented, as well as the design and operation of the reference goniophotometer.