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Engineering Laboratory / Fire Research Division

National Fire Research Laboratory

e12_LiPoly_3_PU_FC

Table 1. Test Information
Name
e12_LiPoly_3_PU_FC
Date
Description

puncture test burnout setup. Lithium polymer (3-B) battery fully charged.
Specimen
LiPoly Battery
Ignition
puncturing
Project ID (s)
Thermal Runaway of Lithium-Polymer-Cell Batteries
Test Director
Falkenstein

Timelapse Video with Heat Release Rate Plot

Table 2. Summary of Test Results
Measurement Value Uc Unit
Peak Heat Release Rate, PHRR
4.8
1.5
kW
Time to Peak Heat Release Rate
0.67
0.07
min
Total Heat Released, THR
below detection limit
0.15
MJ
Gas Burner Total Heat Released, NGTHR
0.6287
0.0090
MJ
Heat Release Quality Confirmation, HRQC
 Not measured -
MJ/MJ
Net Specimen Mass (gravimetric), NM = Mi-Mf
 Not measured -
kg
Total Fuel Mass Burned, TFM = THR / HOCf
below detection limit
0.017
kg
Net Effective Heat of Combustion = THR / NM
 Not measured -
MJ/kg
O2 Yield = O2 Consumed / TFM
-1.0
-1.9
kg/kg
CO2 Yield = CO2 Generated / TFM
0.0
-1.0
kg/kg
CO Yield = CO Generated / TFM
below detection limit
0.33
kg/kg
Soot Yield = Soot Generated / TFM
below detection limit
0.57
kg/kg
Baseline Hood Exhaust Flow
2.137
0.064
kg/s
Test Duration = Time(End of Test) - Time(Start of Test)
8.72
0.03
min

Uc = Combined Expanded Uncertainty with 95% confidence level

Table 3. Summary of Test Input Parameters
Parameter Value Uc Unit
Fuel Type
Generic
 - -
Hood Size
3
 -
m
Effective Duct Diameter
0.483
0.004
m
Exhaust Flow Correction Factor
1.033
0.029
 -
Net Heat of Combustion (per unit mass O2), Ef
13.10
2.62
MJ/kg
Net Heat of Combustion(per unit mass fuel), HOCf
10.00
6.00
MJ/kg
Initial Specimen Mass, Mi (gravimetric)
 Not measured -
kg
Final Specimen Mass, Mf (gravimetric)
 Not measured -
kg
Plot of Fire Heat Release Rate with event markers. Uncertainty bar shown at peak value.
Figure 1. Plot of Heat Release Rate data with event markers and error bars shown at peak.
Table 4. Summary of Observed Test Events
Event Time (min) Description Video Snapshot Image
1
0.00
Start of Test
Start of Test
2
0.52
battery puncture
battery puncture
peak
0.67
Peak HRR
Peak HRR
3
8.05
stop filter sampling
stop filter sampling
4
8.72
End of Test
End of Test
5
8.72
fuel ON
fuel ON
6
8.78
torch ignition
torch ignition
7
21.00
Fuel OFF
Fuel OFF
8
21.12
Fire Out
Fire Out

Table 5. Supplemental Data Plots

Plot of Oxygen Dry Volume Fraction in hood exhaust stream.
Plot of Oxygen Dry Volume Fraction in hood exhaust stream.
Plot of Carbon Dioxide Dry Volume Fraction in hood exhaust stream.
Plot of Carbon Dioxide Dry Volume Fraction in hood exhaust stream.
Plot of Carbon Monoxide Dry Volume Fraction in hood exhaust stream.
Plot of Carbon Monoxide Dry Volume Fraction in hood exhaust stream.
Plot of Radiant Heat Flux data with event markers. r= radial distance from center of hood, h=height above floor.
Plot of Radiant Heat Flux data with event markers. r= radial distance from center of hood, h=height above floor.
Plot of Smoke Laser Extinction Coefficient in hood exhaust stream.
Plot of Smoke Laser Extinction Coefficient in hood exhaust stream.
Plot of Exhaust Duct Mass Flow Rate.
Plot of Exhaust Duct Mass Flow Rate.

Bryant, R. and Bundy, M. The NIST 20 MW Calorimetry Measurement System for Large-Fire Research, Technical Note (NIST TN) 2077, 2019
https://doi.org/10.6028/NIST.TN.2077

NIST Fire Calorimetry Database (FCD)
https://doi.org/10.18434/mds2-2314

Report Process Script Version
NFRL_Report_8.7.2
Last Updated July 16, 2026
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