Observations and identifications of extreme ultraviolet spectra of Ca-like to Na-like neodymium ions using an electron beam ion trap

Published

August 23, 2023

Author(s)

Yang Yang, Dipti Dipti, Chihiro Suzukic, A. C. Gall, R. Silwal, Samuel Sanders, Joseph N. Tan, Aung S. Naing, Endre Takacs, Yuri Ralchenko

Abstract

Extreme ultraviolet (EUV) radiation from M-shell Ca-like, Nd40+, through Nalike, Nd49+, highly charged ions have been measured at an electron beam ion trap (EBIT) facility at the National Institute of Standards and Technology. To produce the ionization stages of interest, the electron beam energies were varied between 3.60 keV and 10.01 keV. A flat-field grazing incidence spectrometer was used to observe the spectra in the wavelength region between 2.67 nm and 17.30 nm. Detailed collisional-radiative (CR) modeling of the non-Maxwellian EBIT plasma was used to create synthetic spectra and help identify lines. Forty-seven spectral lines corresponding to electric-dipole and magnetic-dipole transitions were identified for the first time. Measurements were compared with few previous calculated and predicted values available. While generally our measured values agree with the previous theoretical predictions, a few theoretical values lie outside of our measured uncertainties.

Citation

Journal of Physics B-Atomic Molecular and Optical Physics

Volume

56

Pub Type

Journals

Download Paper

https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6455/aceed9

Local Download

Keywords

EUV spectroscopy, neodymium, electron beam ion trap, collisional-radiative modeling, line identification

Citation

Yang, Y. , Dipti, D. , Suzukic, C. , Gall, A. , Silwal, R. , Sanders, S. , Tan, J. , Naing, A. , Takacs, E. and Ralchenko, Y. (2023), Observations and identifications of extreme ultraviolet spectra of Ca-like to Na-like neodymium ions using an electron beam ion trap, Journal of Physics B-Atomic Molecular and Optical Physics, [online], https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6455/aceed9, https://tsapps.nist.gov/publication/get_pdf.cfm?pub_id=934437 (Accessed October 10, 2025)