NOTICE: Due to a lapse in annual appropriations, most of this website is not being updated. Learn more.
Form submissions will still be accepted but will not receive responses at this time. Sections of this site for programs using non-appropriated funds (such as NVLAP) or those that are excepted from the shutdown (such as CHIPS and NVD) will continue to be updated.
An official website of the United States government
Here’s how you know
Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.
Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock (
) or https:// means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.
Measuring the Leakage Current to Ground in Programmable Josephson Voltage Standards
Published
Author(s)
Alain Rufenacht, Charles J. Burroughs, Paul Dresselhaus, Samuel P. Benz
Abstract
The voltage error associated with the leakage current of programmable Josephson voltage standards (PJVS) is one of the largest contributions to the uncertainty in direct comparison of voltage standards. Due to the parallel biasing scheme of the PJVS and the resulting multiple leakage paths, the quantities "leakage resistance" and "leakage current" are not necessarily equivalent. A method to measure and model the leakage current to ground for a given PJVS output voltage is presented. By upgrading simple components of our system, the leakage current to ground can be reduced from 250 pA to 50 pA at 10 V.
Proceedings Title
2018 Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements
Rufenacht, A.
, Burroughs, C.
, Dresselhaus, P.
and Benz, S.
(2018),
Measuring the Leakage Current to Ground in Programmable Josephson Voltage Standards, 2018 Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements, Paris, FR, [online], https://doi.org/10.1109/CPEM.2018.8500911, https://tsapps.nist.gov/publication/get_pdf.cfm?pub_id=925118
(Accessed October 14, 2025)