chromatography
A method of separating substances that is widely used in analytical and preparatory chemistry. It involves the flow of a liquid or gas mobile phase over a solid or liquid stationary phase. As the mobile phase flows past the stationary phase, a solute will undergo repeated adsorption and desorption and move along at a rate depending, among other factors, on its ratio of distribution between the two phases. If their distribution ratios are sufficiently different, components of a mixture will migrate at different rates and produce a characteristic pattern (chromatogram). (SWGDOC M01)