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Near the end of the 20th century, there was renewed excitement about the potential appli- cations of a type of superconducting detector known as the transition-edge sensor (TES). In the intervening decades there has been a paradigm shift from TESs as a promising detector being pursued in a handful of laboratories, to these detectors as the central components of high impact scientific instruments across a broad range of applications. This chapter attempts to give the reader some sense of the broad impact and breadth of uses of TESs by describing the characteristics that have led to their success.