NOTICE: Due to a lapse in annual appropriations, most of this website is not being updated. Learn more.
Form submissions will still be accepted but will not receive responses at this time. Sections of this site for programs using non-appropriated funds (such as NVLAP) or those that are excepted from the shutdown (such as CHIPS and NVD) will continue to be updated.
An official website of the United States government
Here’s how you know
Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.
Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock (
) or https:// means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.
Three Volt Pulse-Driven Josephson Arbitrary Waveform Synthesizer
Published
Author(s)
Nathan Flowers-Jacobs, Alain Rufenacht, Anna Fox, Steven B. Waltman, Justus Brevik, Paul Dresselhaus, Samuel P. Benz
Abstract
This paper describes a new generation of Josephson Arbitrary Waveform Synthesizers which generate ac waveforms with a root-mean-squared (rms) amplitude of 3 V over a quantum-accurate operating range greater than 1 mA at 1 kHz. This system is composed of two chips with a total of 204 960 Josephson junctions (JJs) co-located at 4.6 K on a cryocooler. To test for systematic errors in the system, we generate a null voltage by shifting the phase of the waveform generated by half the JJs by 180°. The measured residual rms amplitude of 51 NV implies that the two halves of the system can create voltages with an rms magnitude of 1.5 V which match to 3 parts in 1e8.
Proceedings Title
2018 Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements
Flowers-Jacobs, N.
, Rufenacht, A.
, Fox, A.
, Waltman, S.
, Brevik, J.
, Dresselhaus, P.
and Benz, S.
(2018),
Three Volt Pulse-Driven Josephson Arbitrary Waveform Synthesizer, 2018 Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements, Paris, FR, [online], https://doi.org/10.1109/CPEM.2018.8501053, https://tsapps.nist.gov/publication/get_pdf.cfm?pub_id=925124
(Accessed October 10, 2025)