Kerr, A.
and Randa, J.
(2010),
Thermal Noise and Noise Measurements a 2010 Update, IEEE Microwave Magazine, [online], https://tsapps.nist.gov/publication/get_pdf.cfm?pub_id=904009
(Accessed May 9, 2025)
Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.
Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock (
) or https:// means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.
Thermal Noise and Noise Measurements a 2010 Update
Published
Author(s)
Anthony R. Kerr,
Abstract
1. Introduction 2. Noise Temperature as a Measure of Noise Power 3. Available Noise Power from a Resistor 4. The Zero-Point Noise Term and the Minimum Noise of an Amplifier 5. Noise-Temperature Standards and Measurement of One-Port Noise Sources 6. Measurement of Amplifier and Receiver Noise Temperature 7. Noise in Mixers 8. Thermal Noise in Networks and Attenuators 9. Noise Figure, Excess Noise Ratio, and the Standard Reference Temperature, T0 10. Microwave Brightness Temperature 11. Conclusions ReferencesCitation
IEEE Microwave Magazine
Pub Type
Journals
Download Paper
Keywords
brightness temperature, noise, noise temperature, vacuum fluctuations
Citation
Issues
If you have any questions about this publication or are having problems accessing it, please contact reflib@nist.gov.
Created September 30, 2010, Updated October 12, 2021