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Displaying 2151 - 2175 of 3892

Ignition of Weathered and Emulsified Oils (NIST SP 995)

March 1, 2003
Author(s)
Anthony D. Putorti Jr., D D. Evans, E J. Tennyson
In situ burning of oil spills has been shown to be a rapid means of removing oil from the water surface. Although fresh oil is usually easily ignited, the ability to ignite weathered oils and water-in-oil emulsions is less certain. This paper presents

In Situ Burning of Oil Spills: Mesoscale Experiments and Analysis (NIST SP 995)

March 1, 2003
Author(s)
William D. Walton, D. D. Evans, Kevin B. McGrattan, Howard R. Baum, W H. Twilley, Daniel M. Madrzykowski, Anthony D. Putorti Jr., Ronald G. Rehm, H Koseki, E J. Tennyson
A series of six mesoscale and one large laboratory fire experiments were performed to measure the burning characteristics of Louisiana crude oil on water in a pan. These included one - 6 m square and five - 15 m square mesoscale burns and one - 1.2 m

In-Situ Burning in the Marshland Environment - Recovery and Regrowth of Spartina Alterniflora, Spartina Patens, and Sagittaria Lancifolia Plants

March 1, 2003
Author(s)
I A. Mendelson, Q N. Lin, Nelson P. Bryner, William D. Walton, W H. Twilley, J V. Mullin
In a series of in-situ burns involving 330 plant mesocosms, including Spartina Alterniflora, Spartina Patens, Distichlis spicata, and Sagittaria Lancifolia sods were exposed to burning diesel fuel or crude oil. Oil spilled in sensitive wetlands pose unique

In-Situ Burning in the Marshland Environment - Soil Temperatures Resulting From Crude Oil and Diesel Fuel Burns (NIST SP 995)

March 1, 2003
Author(s)
Nelson P. Bryner, William D. Walton, W H. Twilley, G Roadarmel, I. A. Mendelssohn, J. V. Mullin
A series of burns was conducted to evaluate the impact of intentional burning of an oil spill in a marshland environment. Oil spilled in sensitive wetland environments pose unique problems associated with cleanup because mechanical recovery in wetlands may

In-Situ Burning in the Marshland Environment-Soil Temperatures. Volume 2 (NIST SP 995)

March 1, 2003
Author(s)
Nelson P. Bryner, William D. Walton, Laurean A. DeLauter, W H. Twilley, I. A. Mendelssohn, Q. Lin
A series of burns was conducted to evaluate the impact of intentional burning of an oil spill in a marshland environment. Oil spilled in sensitive wetland environments pose unique problems associated with cleanup because mechanical recovery in wetlands may

In-Situ Burning of Oil Spills: Mesoscale Experiments (NIST SP 995)

March 1, 2003
Author(s)
D. D. Evans, William D. Walton, Howard R. Baum, Kathy A. Notarianni, James R. Lawson, Hai C. Tang, K. R. Keydel, Ronald G. Rehm, Daniel M. Madrzykowski, Richard H. Zile, H Koseki, E J. Tennyson
In 1991 a series of 14 mesoscale fire experiments were performed to measure the burning characteristics of crude oil on salt water. These oil burns in a pan ranged in size from 6 m square to 15 m square. Results of the measurements for burning rate and

Large Fires: Kuwait (NIST SP 995)

March 1, 2003
Author(s)
Daniel M. Madrzykowski, D. D. Evans, G A. Haynes
A series of measurements were made in the Al Mawqa/Al Ahmadi oil field region of Kuwait to explore the feasibility of assessing the heat release rate of individual well fires through flame height and thermal radiation measurements. The 12 fires measured

Literature Review on Enclosure of Elevator Lobbies

March 1, 2003
Author(s)
D W. Stroup
A literature survey was conducted to explore the need and appropriate systems for protecting elevator lobbies from smoke migration. The focus is on smoke spread through elevator shafts and lobbies, building occupant and fire fighter use of elevators during

Measured Performance of a 35 Kilowatt Roof Top Photovoltaic System

March 1, 2003
Author(s)
Arthur H. Fanney, E R. Weise, K R. Henderson
A 35-kilowatt roof top photovoltaic system has been installed at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) in Gaithersburg, Maryland. The system, located on a the roof that connects NIST s Administration Building to its adjoining conference

Measurement of Large Scale Oil Spill Burns (NIST SP 995)

March 1, 2003
Author(s)
D D. Evans, William D. Walton, Howard R. Baum, James R. Lawson, Ronald G. Rehm, Richard H. Harris Jr., A Ghoniem, J Holland
Research has shown that burning can be an effective means to remove oil from the surface of the water. The combustion characteristics of crude oil have been measured in large laboratory tests using a nominal one meter diameter pool fire. This work reports

Response of Portable Particulate Monitoring Instruments to Combustion Particulates, Road Dust, and Salt Aerosols. Volume 2 (NIST SP 995)

March 1, 2003
Author(s)
Nelson P. Bryner, William D. Walton, Laurean A. DeLauter, W H. Twilley, J. V. Mullin
This study examined the response of several particulate monitoring instruments to aerosols which might be encountered during monitoring of an in situ oil spill burn. Aerosols included road dust, salt, and particulates from the combustion of heptane, diesel

Second Phase Evaluation of a Protocol for Testing Fire-Resistant Oil Spill Containment Boom. Volume 2 (NIST SP 995)

March 1, 2003
Author(s)
William D. Walton, W H. Twilley, Nelson P. Bryner, Laurean A. DeLauter, R. R. Hiltabrand, J. V. Mullin
A second series of fire tests utilizing the ASTM F-20 draft, Standard Guide for In Situ Burning of Oil Spills On Water: Fire-Resistant Containment Boom, as a guideline were conducted in a wave tank at the U.S. Coast Guard Fire and Safety Test Detachment in

Smoke Measurements Using a Helicopter Transported Sampling Package (NIST SP 995)

March 1, 2003
Author(s)
William D. Walton, Jay A. McElroy, W H. Twilley, R. R. Hiltabrand
A first generation smoke sampling package designed to be deployed on a helicopter winch cable has been developed. The package contains three sampling pumps which are operated via radio control from the helicopter. The pumps can be fitted with a variety of

Characterizing Positive Pressure Ventilation Using Computational Fluid Dynamics

February 1, 2003
Author(s)
Stephen Kerber, William D. Walton
Data from two different sets of full-scale experiments are compared with simulations completed with computational fluid dynamic model, the Fire Dynamic Simulator (FDS). The full-scale experiments characterize a Positive Pressure Ventilation (PPV) fan in an

Computerized Fire Simulations For Use In Fatal Fire Investigations

February 1, 2003
Author(s)
Daniel M. Madrzykowski
Learning Objective: To develop a conceptual understanding of fire modeling, model capabilities and the application of fire models to investigations.In conjunction with the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), the National

Measured Versus Predicted Performance of Building Integrated Photovoltics

February 1, 2003
Author(s)
Mark W. Davis, Arthur H. Fanney, Brian P. Dougherty
The lack of predictive performance tools creates a barrier to the widespread use of building integrated photovoltaic panels. The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has created a building integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) test bed to capture

Short-Term Characterization of Building Integrated Photovoltaic Panels

February 1, 2003
Author(s)
Arthur H. Fanney, Brian P. Dougherty, Mark W. Davis
Building integrated photovoltaics, the integration of photovoltaic cells into one or more exterior building surfaces, represents a small but growing part of today s $2 billion photovoltaic industry. A barrier to the widespread use of building integrated
Displaying 2151 - 2175 of 3892
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