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Displaying 22651 - 22675 of 74309

Improved Indifferentiability Security Bound for the JH Mode

March 22, 2012
Author(s)
Dustin Moody, Souradyuti Paul, Daniel C. Smith-Tone
The JH hash function is one of the five fi nalists of the ongoing NIST SHA3 hash function competition. Despite several earlier attempts, and years of analysis, the indi fferentiability security bound of the JH mode has so far remained remarkably low, only

Infrared detector calibrations

March 22, 2012
Author(s)
George P. Eppeldauer, Vyacheslav B. Podobedov
An InSb working standard radiometer, first calibrated at NIST in 1999 against a cryogenic bolometer, was recently calibrated against a newly developed low-NEP pyroelectric transfer standard detector. The pyroelectric transfer standard, which can operate at

Performance Evaluation of Robotic Knowledge Representation (PERK)

March 22, 2012
Author(s)
Craig I. Schlenoff, Sebti Foufou, Stephen B. Balakirsky
In this paper, we explore some ways in which symbolic knowledge representations have been evaluated in the past and provide some thoughts on what should be considered when applying and evaluating these types of knowledge representations for real-time

Determining the Location and Cause of Unintentional Quantum Dots in a Nanowire

March 21, 2012
Author(s)
Ted C. Thorbeck, Neil M. Zimmerman
Unintentional quantum dots are a common problem for single electron devices in both silicon and carbon. To determine the cause of these dots it is helpful to know their size and location. Because each dot is capacitively coupled to multiple gates, we can

Effective multibody interactions of harmonically confined ultracold neutral bosons

March 21, 2012
Author(s)
Philip Johnson, W F. Flynn, D Blume, X Y. Yin, Eite Tiesinga
We use renormalized perturbation theory to calculate effective two-, three-, and four-body interactions for N neutral ultracold bosons in the ground state of an isotropic harmonic trap, assuming only two-body interactions modeled with a zero-range

Frequency-stabilized cavity ring-down spectroscopy

March 21, 2012
Author(s)
David A. Long, A. Cygan, Roger D. van Zee, Mitchio Okumura, C. E. Miller, D Lisak, Joseph T. Hodges
This Frontiers article describes frequency-stabilized cavity ring-down spectroscopy (FS-CRDS), an ultraprecise refinement of conventional cw-CRDS. We review the technique and highlight some recent studies which have utilized FS-CRDS to perform precision

Measuring domain sizes and compositional heterogeneities in P3HT-PCBM bulk heterojunction thin films with 1H spin diffusion NMR spectroscopy

March 21, 2012
Author(s)
Ryan C. Nieuwendaal, Hyun Wook Ro, David Germack, Regis J. Kline, Calvin Chan, Amit K. Agrawal, David J. Gundlach, David L. VanderHart, Dean M. DeLongchamp
In this manuscript we show that 1H spin diffusion NMR is a valuable method for estimating the domain sizes in thin films of a polymer-fullerene blend for bulk heterojunction (BHJ) photovoltaics. Variations in common BHJ film processing parameters have

Modeling Line Edge Roughness in Lamellar Block Copolymer Systems

March 21, 2012
Author(s)
Paul N. Patrone, Gregg M. Gallatin
Block copolymers offer an appealing alternative to current lithographic techniques with regard to fabrication of the next generation micro- processors. However, if copolymers are to be useful on an industrial manufacturing scale, they must meet or exceed

Stylus Tip-Size Effect on the Calibration of Periodic Roughness Specimens with Rectangular Profiles

March 21, 2012
Author(s)
Thomas B. Renegar, Johannes A. Soons, Balasubramanian Muralikrishnan, John S. Villarrubia, Xiaoyu A. Zheng, Theodore V. Vorburger, Jun-Feng Song
Stylus instruments are widely used for surface characterization. It is well known that the size and shape of the stylus tip affects the measured surface geometry and parameters. In most cases, increasing the tip size decreases the measured Ra value because

The MEMS 5-in-1 Reference Materials (RM 8096 and 8097)

March 21, 2012
Author(s)
Janet M. Cassard, Jon C. Geist, Michael Gaitan, David G. Seiler
The MEMS 5-in-1 Reference Material (RM) contains test structures for five standard test methods on one test chip, so companies can compare their in-house measurements taken on the RM with NIST measurements, thereby validating their use of the documentary

Assessment of Factors Affecting Fire Performance of Mattresses: A Review

March 20, 2012
Author(s)
Shonali Nazare, Rick D. Davis
An in-depth analysis of U.S. residential fire statistics shows that although the total number of fires and deaths due to mattress fires has dropped as a result of several regulatory approaches, the number of deaths per 1000 mattress/bedding fires has

Enhanced carrier transport along edges of graphene devices

March 20, 2012
Author(s)
Jungseok Chae, Suyong S. Jung, Sungjong Woo, Hongwoo Baek, Jeonghoon Ha, Young J. Song, Young-Woo Son, Nikolai Zhitenev, Joseph A. Stroscio, Young Kuk
The relation between the macroscopic charge transport properties and the microscopic carrier distribution inside conducting channels is one of the central issues in physics and future applications of graphene devices (GDs). With scanning gate microscopy

Optimization of Spin-triplet Supercurrent in Ferromagnetic Josephson Junctions

March 20, 2012
Author(s)
Benjamin James McMorran, Theresa Ginley, Julie Borchers, Brian Kirby, Brian B. Maranville, John Unguris
In the past year, several groups have observed evidence for long-range spin-triplet, supercurrent in Josephson junctions containing ferromagnetic (F) materials. In our work, the spin-triplet pair correlations are created by non-collinear magnetizations

Unconventional structure-assisted optical manipulation of high-index nanowires in liquid crystals

March 20, 2012
Author(s)
Kristine A. Bertness, David Engstrom, Michael C. Varney, Martin Persson, Rahul P. Trivedi, Mattias Goksor, Ivan I. Smalyukh
Stable optical trapping and manipulation of high-index particles in low-index host media is often impossible due to the dominance of scattering forces over gradient forces. Here we explore optical manipulation in liquid crystalline structured hosts and

A Case Study on the Impact of Local Material Chemistry on the Mechanical Reliability of Packaged Integrated Circuits: Correlation of the Packaging Fallout to the Chemistry of Passivation Dielectrics in an Al-Cu System

March 19, 2012
Author(s)
Chukwudi A. Okoro, Yaw S. Obeng
In this paper, we use a variety of analytical techniques to examine the impact of local chemistry, and the mechanical properties, of the encapsulation dielectric films on the post-packaging device rejection rate of integrated circuit devices. A strong

Calibrations of Multi-Hole Pitot Tubes Depend on Tubulence

March 19, 2012
Author(s)
Iosif I. Shinder, Christopher J. Crowley, Michael R. Moldover
NIST is developing techniques to calibrate 2- and 3-dimensional anemometer systems (such as multi-hole pitot tubes) with a resolution of 0.3 %. The pitch and yaw response of multi-hole pitot tubes is complicated; therefore, calibrations require hundreds of

Comparison of laser-based and monochromator-based thermodynamic temperature measurements

March 19, 2012
Author(s)
George P. Eppeldauer, Howard W. Yoon, Jorge E. Neira, Vladimir Khromchenko, Charles E. Gibson, Allan W. Smith
In this work, we describe the comparisons between the laser-based and monochromator-based radiance responsivity calibrations of a radiation thermometer. The spectral selection of the radiation thermometer is performed using a photopic-response filter which

Stability of Solid-Supported Enzyme Catalysts for Ring-Opening Polymerization

March 19, 2012
Author(s)
Sara V. Orski, Santanu S. Kundu, Kathryn L. Beers, Richard Gross
The enzyme Candida antarctica Lipase B (CAL B), immobilized on a crosslinked poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) support, catalyzes the ring-opening polymerization of ε-caprolactone to make biodegradable polyesters. Weak hydrophobic interactions of CAL B

The immunotoxicity of perfluorinated compounds: Recent developments

March 19, 2012
Author(s)
Jennifer M. Lynch, Jamie DeWitt, M.M. Peden-Adams, Dori Germolec
Perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) are environmentally widespread, persistent, and bioaccumulative chemicals with multiple toxicities reported in experimental models and wildlife, including immunomodulation. The two most commonly detected compounds, which

Extending transmission crystal x-ray spectroscopy to moderate-intensity laser driven sources

March 17, 2012
Author(s)
Lawrence T. Hudson, J. Y. Mao, L. M. Chen, John F. Seely, L. Zhang, Y. Q. Sun, X. X. Lin, J. Zhang
We present spectroscopic measurements of characteristic Kα and Kβ emissions from Mo targets irradiated by a 100 fs, 200 mJ, Ti: sapphire laser with intensity of 1017 W/cm2 to 1018 W/cm2 per pulse. This research pursues novel x-ray sources for medical

Selected Procedures for Volumetric Calibrations

March 16, 2012
Author(s)
Georgia L. Harris
This NIST IR of Selected Publications has been compiled as an interim update for a number of Good Laboratory Practices, Good Measurement Practices, and Standard Operating Procedures for Volume Calibrations. These procedures are updates to procedures that
Displaying 22651 - 22675 of 74309