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Infrastructure

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Displaying 101 - 125 of 130

National Institute of Standards and Technology Environmental Scan 2020

February 9, 2021
Author(s)
Heather Evans, Kristen K. Greene, William M. Healy, Elizabeth Hoffman, Kate Rimmer, Anna V. Sberegaeva, Neil M. Zimmerman
The 2020 National Institute of Standards and Technology Environmental Scan provides an analysis of key external factors that could impact NIST and the fulfillment of its mission in coming years. The analyses were conducted through four separate lenses

Structural Performance of Nuclear Power Plant Concrete Structures Affected by Alkali-Silica Reaction (ASR) - Task 1: Assessing In-Situ Mechanical Properties of ASR-Affected Concrete

February 8, 2021
Author(s)
Fahim H. Sadek, Travis E. Thonstad, Sorin Marcu, Jonathan Weigand, timothy J. barrett, Hai S. Lew, Long Phan, Adam L. Pintar
This report describes the results of Task 1 of a five-task comprehensive research program being conducted at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) under the sponsorship of the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC). The overall study

Structural Performance of Nuclear Power Plant Concrete Structures Affected by Alkali-Silica Reaction (ASR) - Task 2: Assessing Bond and Anchorage of Reinforcing Bars in ASR-Affected Concrete

February 3, 2021
Author(s)
Travis E. Thonstad, Jonathan Weigand, Fahim H. Sadek, Sorin Marcu, timothy J. barrett, Hai S. Lew, Long Phan, Adam L. Pintar
This report describes the results of Task 2 of a five-task comprehensive research program being conducted at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) under the sponsorship of the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC). The overall study

Homogenization of Concrete Microstructures in Nuclear Power Plants

December 31, 2020
Author(s)
Christa Torrence, Aishwarya Baranikumar, Zachary Grasley, Edward Garboczi
Nearly all nuclear power plants in the United States are operating past their intended lifetimes or are requesting lifetime extensions, therefore understanding changes to the concrete containment structure over time is crucial to evaluate the structure's

Securing Picture Archiving and Communication System (PACS) Cybersecurity for the Healthcare Sector

December 21, 2020
Author(s)
Jennifer L. Cawthra, Sue S. Wang, Bronwyn J. Hodges, Kangmin Zheng, Ryan T. Williams, Jason J. Kuruvilla, Christopher L. Peloquin, Kevin Littlefield, Bob Neimeyer
Medical imaging plays an important role in diagnosing and treating patients. The system that manages medical images is known as the picture archiving communication system (PACS) and is nearly ubiquitous in healthcare environments. PACS is defined by the

Object Measurements from 2D Microscopy Images

December 11, 2020
Author(s)
Peter Bajcsy, Joe Chalfoun, Mylene Simon, Mary C. Brady, Marcin Kociolek
This chapter addresses object measurements from 2D microscopy images. Object measurements (called image features) vary in terms of theoretical formulas for the same image feature, the physical units used to represent pixel-based measurements, the

Data Integrity: Detecting and Responding to Ransomware and Other Destructive Events

December 8, 2020
Author(s)
Jennifer L. Cawthra, Michael R. Ekstrom, Lauren N. Lusty, Julian T. Sexton, John E. Sweetnam
Ransomware, destructive malware, insider threats, and even honest mistakes present an ongoing threat to organizations that manage data in various forms. Database records and structure, system files, configurations, user files, application code, and

Data Integrity: Identifying and Protecting Assets Against Ransomware and Other Destructive Events

December 8, 2020
Author(s)
Jennifer L. Cawthra, Michael R. Ekstrom, Lauren N. Lusty, Julian T. Sexton, John E. Sweetnam, Anne R. Townsend
Ransomware, destructive malware, insider threats, and even honest user mistakes present ongoing threats to organizations. Organizations' data, such as database records, system files, configurations, user files, applications, and customer data, are all

Security Guidelines for Storage Infrastructure

October 26, 2020
Author(s)
Ramaswamy Chandramouli, Doron Pinhas
Storage technology, just like its computing and networking counterparts, has evolved from traditional storage service types, such as block, file, and object. Specifically, the evolution has taken two directions: one along the path of increasing storage

Zero Trust Architecture

August 10, 2020
Author(s)
Scott W. Rose, Oliver Borchert, Stuart Mitchell, Sean Connelly
Zero trust (ZT) is the term for an evolving set of cybersecurity paradigms that move defenses from static, network- based perimeters to focus on users, assets, and resources. A zero trust architecture (ZTA) uses zero trust principles to plan industrial and

Charpy Instrumented Test Suite and User's Manual

July 9, 2020
Author(s)
Damian Lauria, Enrico Lucon, Felipe Baldner
The NIST Instrumented Charpy Test Suite is a set of standalone programs intended to allow anyone with appropriate hardware to perform and analyze instrumented Charpy impact tests. The software is provided in both raw code and executable formats with an

Energy Sector Asset Management: For Electric Utilities, Oil & Gas Industry

May 19, 2020
Author(s)
James J. McCarthy, Lauren Acierto, Jason Kuruvilla, Titilayo Ogunyale, Nikolas Urlaub, John Wiltberger, Devin Wynne
Industrial control systems (ICS) compose a core part of our nation’s critical infrastructure. Energy sector companies rely on ICS to generate, transmit, and distribute power and to drill, produce, refine, and transport oil and natural gas. Given the wide

DESIGN OF AN INTELLIGENT PYTHON CODE FOR VALIDATING CRACK GROWTH EXPONENT BY MONITORING A CRACK OF ZIG-ZAG SHAPE IN A CRACKED PIPE

July 27, 2019
Author(s)
Jeffrey T. Fong, Pedro V. Marcal, Robert B. Rainsberger, Nathanael A. Heckert, James J. Filliben
When a small crack is detected in a pressure vessel or piping, we can estimate the fatigue life of the vessel or piping by applying the classical law of fracture mechanics for crack growth if we are certain that the crack growth exponent is correct and the

Building Open Access to Research (OAR) data infrastructure at NIST

July 8, 2019
Author(s)
Gretchen R. Greene
As a National Metrology Institute (NMI), the National Institute of Science and Technology (NIST) scientists, engineers and technology experts conduct research across a full spectrum of physical science domains. This is performed as a public service within

Uncertainty Quantification of Failure Probability and a Dynamic Risk Analysis of Decision Making for Maintenance of Ageing Infrastructure

January 2, 2019
Author(s)
Jeffrey T. Fong, James J. Filliben, Nathanael A. Heckert, Dennis D. Leber, Paul A. Berkman, Robert E. Chapman
Risk, as the product of failure probability and failure consequence, has been estimated and applied by engineers and managers to help make critical decisions on (a) maintenance of ageing plants, and (b) planning of new infrastructure. For ageing plants

THREE APPROACHES TO QUANTIFICATION OF NDE UNCERTAINTY AND A DETAILED EXPOSITION OF THE EXPERT PANEL APPROACH USING THE SHEFFIELD ELICITATION FRAMEWORK

July 15, 2018
Author(s)
Jeffrey T. Fong, Nathanael A. Heckert, James J. Filliben, Steven R. Doctor
The ASME Boiler & Pressure Vessel Code Section XI Committee is currently developing a new Division 2 nuclear code entitled the "Reliability and Integrity Management (RIM) program," with which one is able to arrive at a risk-informed, NDE-based engineering

UNCERTAINTY IN MULTI-SCALE CREEP RUPTURE LIFE MODELING AND A NEW APPROACH TO ESTIMATING FREQUENCY OF IN-SERVICE INSPECTION OF COMPONENTS AT ELEVATED TEMPERATURES (*)

April 3, 2018
Author(s)
Jeffrey T. Fong, Nathanael A. Heckert, James J. Filliben, Marvin J. Cohn
Uncertainty in modeling the creep rupture life of a full-scale component using experimental data at microscopic (Level 1), specimen (Level 2), and full-size (Level 3) scales, is addressed by applying statistical theory of prediction intervals, and that of

Road Mapping Workshop Report on Overcoming Barriers to Adoption of Composites in Sustainable Infrastructure

December 20, 2017
Author(s)
Richard J. Sheridan, Jeffrey W. Gilman, John Busel, David Hartman, Gale Holmes, Daniel Coughlin, Paul Kelley, Dustin Troutman, Jim Gutierrez, Charles Bakis, Robert Moser, Ellen Lackey, James R. Fekete, Stephanie Watson, Jae Hyun Kim, Aaron Forster, Ajay Krishnamurthy, Bharath N. Natarajan, William O'Donnell
The February 2017 "Road Mapping Workshop on Overcoming Barriers to Adoption of Composites in Infrastructure" brought together designers, manufacturers, researchers, and end-users to identify barriers and potential solutions. Composite products produced in
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