RTL-PSC: Automated Power Side-Channel Leakage Assessment at Register-Transfer Level

Published

July 11, 2019

Author(s)

Miao (Tony) He, Jungmin Park, Adib Nahiyan, Apostol Vassilev, Yier Jin, Mark Tehranipoor

Abstract

Power side-channel attacks (SCAs) have become a major concern to the security community due to their non- invasive feature, low-cost, and effectiveness in extracting secret information from hardware implementation of cryto algorithms. Therefore, it is imperative to evaluate if the hardware is vulnerable to SCAs during its design and validation stages. Currently, however, there is little known effort in evaluating the vulnerability of a hardware to SCAs at early design stage. In this paper, we propose, for the first time, an automated framework, named RTL-PSC, for power side-channel leakage assessment of hardware crypto designs at register-transfer level (RTL) with built-in evaluation metrics. RTL-PSC first estimates power profile of a hardware design using functional simulation at RTL. Then it utilizes the evaluation metrics, comprising of KL divergence metric and the success rate (SR) metric based on maximum likelihood estimation to perform power side-channel leakage (PSC) vulnerability assessment at RTL. We analyze Galois- Field (GF) and Look-up Table (LUT) based AES designs using RTL-PSC and validate its effectiveness and accuracy through both gate-level simulation and FPGA results. RTL-PSC is also capable of identifying blocks∗ inside the design that contribute the most to the PSC vulnerability which can be used for efficient countermeasure implementation.

Proceedings Title

IEEE Transactions on Emerging Topics: VTS 2019

Conference Dates

April 23-25, 2019

Conference Location

Monterey, CA, US

Conference Title

IEEE VLSI Test Symposium 2019

Pub Type

Conferences

Download Paper

https://doi.org/10.1109/VTS.2019.8758600

Local Download

Keywords

Side-channel Attacks, Leakage Assessment, Vulnerability Evaluation, Register-Transfer Level

Citation

He, M. , Park, J. , Nahiyan, A. , Vassilev, A. , Jin, Y. and Tehranipoor, M. (2019), RTL-PSC: Automated Power Side-Channel Leakage Assessment at Register-Transfer Level, IEEE Transactions on Emerging Topics: VTS 2019, Monterey, CA, US, [online], https://doi.org/10.1109/VTS.2019.8758600, https://tsapps.nist.gov/publication/get_pdf.cfm?pub_id=927282 (Accessed January 22, 2025)