Randomness in nonlocal games between mistrustful players

Published

June 15, 2017

Author(s)

Carl A. Miller, Yaoyun Shi

Abstract

If two quantum players at a nonlocal game G achieve a superclassical score, then their measurement outcomes must be at least partially random from the perspective of any third player. This is the basis for device-independent quantum cryptography. In this paper we address a related question: does a superclassical score at G guarantee that one player has created randomness from the perspective of the other player? We show that for complete-support games, the answer is yes: even if the second player is given the first player's input at the conclusion of the game, he cannot perfectly recover her output. This implies that some amount of local randomness (i.e., randomness possessed by only one player) can always be obtained when randomness is certified by nonlocal games. We discuss potential implications for cryptographic protocols between mistrustful parties.

Citation

Quantum Information & Computation

Volume

17

Issue

7-8

Pub Type

Journals

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Keywords

quantum information, cryptography, random number generation, randomness, nonlocal

Citation

Miller, C. and Shi, Y. (2017), Randomness in nonlocal games between mistrustful players, Quantum Information & Computation, [online], https://tsapps.nist.gov/publication/get_pdf.cfm?pub_id=923641 (Accessed October 10, 2025)