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Optical atomic clocks using cold atoms, stable lasers and femtosecond laser frequency combs provide high accurace and stability from RF to the ultraviolet. They have unprecedented performance: ultrahigh stability, sub-fs timing jitter, lowe-noise microwaves, and several new uses.
Hollberg, L.
(2005),
Optical Atomic Clocks: A Revolution in Perfomance, Proc. 2005 Conf. Lasers and Electro-Optics, [online], https://tsapps.nist.gov/publication/get_pdf.cfm?pub_id=50368
(Accessed June 10, 2023)