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PUBLICATIONS

Johnson Noise Thermometry

Published

Author(s)

Weston L. Tew, Jifeng Qu, K L. Zhou, Samuel P. Benz, Horst Rogalla, David R. White

Abstract

Johnson noise thermometers infer thermodynamic temperature from measurements of the thermally-induced current fluctuations that occur in all electrical conductors. This paper reviews the status of Johnson noise thermometry and its prospects for both metrological measurements and for practical applications in industry. The review begins with a brief description of the foundations and principles of Johnson noise thermometry before outlining the many different techniques and technological breakthroughs that have enabled the application of JNT to high-accuracy, cryogenic, and industrial thermometry. Finally, the future of noise thermometry is considered. As the only purely electronic approach to thermodynamic temperature measurement, Johnson noise thermometry has appeal for metrological applications at temperatures ranging from below 1 K up to 800 K. With the rapid advances in digital technologies, there are also expectations that noise thermometry will become a practical option for some industrial applications reaching temperatures above 2000 K.
Citation
Measurement Science and Technology
Volume
30
Pub Type
Journals

Download Paper

https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6501/ab3526
Local Download

Keywords

Noise Thermometry, Johnson Noise, temperature measurement, noise thermometer
Thermometry metrology and Sensors

Citation

Tew, W. , Qu, J. , Zhou, K. , Benz, S. , Rogalla, H. and White, D. (2019), Johnson Noise Thermometry, Measurement Science and Technology, [online], https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6501/ab3526 (Accessed October 9, 2025)

Issues

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Created September 3, 2019, Updated January 13, 2020
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