Experimental demonstration of deep frequency modulation interferometry

Published

January 21, 2016

Author(s)

Katharina-Sofie Isleif, Oliver Gerberding, Thomas Schwarze, Moritz Mehmet, Gerhard Heinzel, Felipe Guzman

Abstract

Experiments for space and ground-based gravitational wave detectors often require large dynamic range interferometric position readout of test masses with 1 pm/√Hz precision over long time scales. Heterodyne interferometer schemes that achieve such precisions are available, but they require complex optical set-ups, which limits their scalability for multiple channels. This article presents the first experimental results on deep frequency modulation interferometry, a new technique that combines sinusoidal laser frequency modulation in unequal arm length interferometers with a non-linear fit algorithm. We tested the technique in a Michelson and a Mach-Zehnder Interferometer topology, demonstrated continuous phase tracking of a moving mirror and achieved a performance equivalent to a displacement sensitivity of 250 pm/√Hz at 1 mHz between the phase measurements of two photodetectors monitoring the same optical signal. By performing time series fitting of the extracted interference signals, we measured that the linearity of the laser frequency modulation is on the order of 2% for the laser source used.

Citation

Optics Express

Pub Type

Journals

Keywords

displacement measurement, laser interferometry, frequency modulation, optical metrology

Citation

Isleif, K. , Gerberding, O. , Schwarze, T. , Mehmet, M. , Heinzel, G. and Guzman, F. (2016), Experimental demonstration of deep frequency modulation interferometry, Optics Express (Accessed March 5, 2026)